实现梦想的英文想翻译想英语怎么说-欧洲国家有哪些


2023年4月19日发(作者:说和做的熟语)
英语字母组合与英语单词重音
学习英语时我们常因单词重音位置的飘忽不定而大伤脑筋,尤其是遇上双音节以
上的词汇,要准确无误地读准其重音,确实不太容易。
其实,英语词汇的重音位置通常是有规律的。例如:有些双音节词汇做名词其不善者而改之翻译 时重
音往往落在首音节上;而做动词时,重音就落在第二音节上了。这些词汇常见的
有:addictaccentabstractannex等。
可见,掌握好并读准单词的重音有一定的规律可循。
为了便于记忆和学习,现将部分规则按重音位置和字母顺序作如下归纳,并从理
论上进行简要分析。
一、归类部分
1.重音落在末音节的字母组合
①以-ee结尾,读音为/!>?/的词汇:
appellee chimpanzee conferee contestee decree drawee evacuee em-ployee
goatee grandee guarantee indictee inductee
②以-act结尾,读音为/$kt/的词汇,多为动词:
contact contract detract distract exact enact intact interact
-air-aire-are结尾,读音为/#+/的词汇:
affair concessionaire enclair millionaire aware prepare
④以-ade结尾,读音为/eid/的词汇:
arcade brigade colonnade e菊花古诗带拼音的全诗 scalade escapadeexceptiondecade
⑤以-ane结尾,读音为/ein/的词汇:
inane insane profane humane
⑥以-ceive结尾,读音为/s!>?v/的动词:
conceive deceive perceive receive
⑦以-duce结尾,读音为/dj(>?s/的词汇:
conduce deduce induce introduce reduce reproduce subduce traduceseduce
⑧以-ease结尾,读音为/!>?s//!>?z/的词汇:
appease decease decrease disease increase predecease release sub-lease
surcease
⑨以-een结尾,读音为/!>?n/的名词:
colleen canteen pretteen Salween shagreen thirteen spalpeenvelevteen
yestreen
⑩以-eer结尾,读音为/i+/的名词:
cannoneer compeer domineer engineer fronteer gadgeteer
gazetterpamphleteer patrioteer
(11)-ect结尾,读音为/ekt/的动词:
affect bisect collect defect direct detect correct confect
connectdisinfect eject elect
(12)-ede结尾,读音为/!>?d/的动词:
accede antecede concede impede intercede precede recede retrocedesecede
supercede
(13)-end结尾,读音为/end/的动词:
attend amend commend comprehend contend defend depend extendintend

represend subtend
(14)-el结尾,读音为/el/的词汇:
compel impel Nobel marcel propel rebelv
(15)-ert结尾,读音为/+>?t/的词汇:
assert concert convert desert introvert subvert
(16)-ese结尾,读/!>?s//!>?z/的词汇:
Chinese Japanese Napalese sudanese telegraphese vietnamese
(17)-clude结尾,读音为/kl(>?d/的动词:
conclude exclude include occlude pr风清扬怎么会独孤九剑 eclude seclude
(18)-esce结尾,读音为/es/的词汇:
coalesce deliquesce effloresce evanesce recrudesce
(19)-ess结尾,读音为/es/的动词:
compress confess depress express impress profess redress represssuppress
transgress
若不是动词,以-ess结尾,的词汇之重音位置不固定:
\'progress \'congress pro\'cess un\'less
(20)-est结尾,读音为/est/的动词:
adjest congest contest digest infest protest suggest
(21)-ette结尾,读音为/et/的词汇:
cassette cigarette brunette coquette chemisette forssette
frisettegazette grisette
(22)-form结尾,读音为/f&>?m/的动词:
conform perform reform transform(但uniform是名词)
(23)-ict结尾,读音为/ikt/的动词:
afflict conflict constrict contradict inflict predict restric
(24)-ide结尾,读音为/aid/的词汇:
aside astride beside confide divide provide reside subside
(25)-ign结尾,读音为/ain/的动词:
assign condign design consign resign
(26)-ire结尾,读音为/ai+/的动词:
conspire esquire expire desire inquire inspire require respire
(27)-lapse结尾,读音为/l$ps/的词汇:
collapse prolapse relapse
(28)-mit结尾,读音为/mit/的词汇:
admit commit d蝉唐诗朗读并解释 emit emit intermit omit permit pretermit remitsubmit
transmit
(若是名词,重音落在首音节,如:\'limit \'summit \'vomit
(29)-ort结尾,读音为/&>?t/的动词:
disport distort escort export import report retort support trans-port
(若是名词,重音多落在首音节:escort export import bistort purport等。
(30)-ore结尾,读音为/&>?/的词汇:
afore before deplore explore restore
(31)-pose结尾,读音为/p+us//p+uz/的动词:
depose decompose expose impose interpose oppose indispose predis-pose

propose suppose
(32)-scribe结尾,读音为/skraib/的词汇:
conscribe describe escribe prescribe subscribe transcribe
(33)-scend结尾,读音为/send/的词汇:
ascend condescend descend transcend
(34)-oon结尾,读音为/(>?n/的词汇:
afternoon balloon buffoon c朗诵《祖国我爱你》 artoon cocoon decocoon dragoon festoongalloon
octoroon pocaroonexceptionforenoon
(35)-que结尾,读音为/k/的词汇:
antique boutique blottesque burlesque arabesque cacique
critiquegrotesque Japanesque mystique
(36)-r结尾,现在分词和过去分词均要双写r-red-ring
demur incur inter infer occur prefer recur refer transfer
(37)-uct结尾,读音为/)kt/的词汇:
conduct construct deduct instruct obstruct product
(38)-ult结尾,读音为/)lt/的词汇:
consult exult insult occult midcult result
(39)-ume结尾,读音为/j(>?m/的词汇:
assume consume perfume presume subsume
(40)-use结尾,读音为/j(>?s//j(>?z/的词汇:
accuse confuse excuse perfuse refuse suffuse transfuse
(41)-ure结尾,读音为/ju+/的词汇:
accure impure immure insecure insure inure mature obscure per-dure
procure secureexceptions\'epicure \'manicure
2.重音落在倒数第二个音节的字母组合:
①以-ial结尾,读音为/+l//i+l//j+l/的词汇:
/+l/confidential decrial existential impartial inferential
inffluentialinitial prejudicial sacrificial substantial
/i+l/authorial bimestrial colloquial gressorial material
mercurialministerial motorial pictorial prefatorial tectorial
visitorial
/j+l/antimonial bicentennial colonial
②以-ian结尾,读音为/+n//i+n//j+n/的词汇:
/+n/academician arithmetician acoustician electrician Eurasian
Lin-guistician musician Persian politician practician
/i+n//j+n/Cantabrigian collegian Colombian historian rosarian
salu-tatorian subclavian
③以-ia结尾,读音为/i+/的词汇:
国名、地名:Austral苔古诗 ia Ethiopia Indonesia Malaysia Mauritania Roma-nia
abulia achromatopsia acidemia acrophobia aerophobia
bilharziainsomnia
其他:academia acedia cryptomeria razzia encyclopedia
④以-ic结尾,读音为/ik/偶或包括以-ics结尾的词汇:
atomatic atmospheric autarkic autographic ballistic climatic

cosmeticenteric epidemic
⑤以-ior结尾,读音为/i+/的词汇,形容词居多:
inferior junior posterior prior senior superior ulterior
⑥以-it结尾,读音为/it/的词汇:
cohabit demerit discredit discomfit decrepit deposit explicit
dispiritdisinherit inspirit inherit inhabit inhibit reposit transit
visit
⑦以-scencen)或-scentadj)结尾:
acescence acquiescence deliquescence convalescence evanescence
obso-lescence reminiscence renascence decrescent marcescent pubescent
re-crudescent quiescent resipiscent suffrutescent
⑧以-ion-sion结尾:
accusaion abolition confusion explosion decision impression persua-sion诵读三字经全文
excitation suggestion invitation
3.重音落在倒数第三个音节的字母组合:
①以-fy结尾,读音为/fai/的动词:
acidify identify intensify emulsify lapidify personify qualify
modifyprettify simplify transmogrify
②以-ical结尾,读音为/ik+l/的词汇:
academical chemical electrical political periodical encyclical
teleologi-cal inimical theoretical technological
③以-icide结尾,读音为/isaid/的词汇:
suicide aborticide acaricide foeticide fratricide herbicide
infanticideliberticide uxoricide
④以-itude结尾,读音为/itj%!d/的词汇:
attitude decrepitude infinitude lassitude latitude platitude
⑤以-ity结尾,读音为/iti/的词汇:
ability curiosity civility facility fragility opportunity
personalitypossibility sensitivity simplicity speciality utility vanity
whimsicality
⑥以-graph-phy结尾,读音为/gr$f//fi/的词汇:
aerography bibliography biography calligraphy chirography
geographylexicography photography planography telegraphy theosophy
philosophy
⑦以-ology结尾,读音为/&l+d*i/的词汇:
aerology bibliology bryology crytology ecology Egyptology
lexicologytechnology pestology psychology testaceology teleology
theology zoology
⑧以-otomy结尾,读音为/&t+mi/的词汇:
neurotomy tenoto反驳的近义词是什么 my tracheotomy trichotomy
⑨以-ular结尾,读音为/jul+/的词汇:
biangular binocular consular insular intercelluar ocular
orbicularpopular particular secular regular triangular
4.词汇加了前缀后的重读位关于兰花的古诗 置

①重读落在第一音节的词汇,加前缀后,重读位置不变:
\'dazzlebe\'dazzle \'operateco\'operate
\'forceen\'force \'logicalil\'logical
\'literateil\'literate \'constantin\'constant
②重读落在第二音节的词汇,加前缀后,原重读位置不受影响,但前缀的字母组
合作为一个音节可重读或次重读:
pro\'duce\'repro\'duce
\'graduate\'post\'graduate
\'national\'inter\'national
im\'pressionism\'neo-imp\'ressionism
the only exception\'finite\'infinie
二、简析部分
从语言学的角度来分析,英语的词重音(word stress)的位置是不固定的。英
语与某些别的语言不同,例如:法语词汇的重音总是在词的末音节上;与法语相
反的是捷克语,它的重音总是落在词的首音节上,而波兰语却独特一些,重音位
置总是落在词汇的倒数第二个音节上,因此,这些语言的重音称为固定重音
fixed stress,而英语和俄语的重音则是自由重音(free stress。英语本
身吸收并借用了大量的外来语loan words以历史语言学或词源学etymology
的观点来剖析,就不难解释为什么英语重音属于自由重音这一现象。例如:-ion
-ic结尾的英语词汇重音往往落在倒数第二个音节上,-ion-ic结尾的字
母组合则源于拉丁语。以-ee结尾的英语词汇重音总是落在末音节上,若追溯它
的同源词(cognate,我们可以看到-ee这一后缀源于Middle English-e
-e又来源于Middle French-,若再追本溯源,乃是来自于Old French
-。再考察以-ette后缀结尾的词汇,-ette后缀也是经历了从Old French
Middle French再到Middle English这一相似的演变过程,直至现在,仍然保
留了法语的重音特征,与现代法语的词重音总是落在末音节这一规律完全吻合。
以词源学的分析作为探索基点,我们认识到英语的词重音既属于自由重音且并非
无规律可循这一语言现象,从而对这一现象进行夜来风雨 总结和分析,以求达到既能方便
学习又能对所学语言深化理解的学习目的。

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