inventions是什么意思entions在线翻译读音

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Unit3Inventorsandinventions

高考题型分组训练

阅读理解板块训练——重细节，练速度

(限时：25分钟)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

AgroupcalledtheNationalCenterforFatheringlaunchedaprogramforAmerican

gramiscalledWatchD．O.G.S.,which

is_the_abbreviation_gramtriestogetmentospend

the

ycanalsobegrandfathers,unclesandstepfathers.

AdamMehmudisavolunteerathisson\'sschoolthroughtheprogram“Watch

D．O.G.S.〞.Theprogramwastheideaoftwomen,unchedWatch

D．woboys,aged13and11,shotandkilledfourpeopleatanArkansas

sshowthatchildrengenerallydobetterinschoolwhenfathers

areengagedintheirdaytodayactivities.

Onestudyin2013foundthatafather\'sengagementcanhelpachildsucceedin

lsoincreasethechild\'schancesoffinishinghighschool,while

entersforDiseaseControland

Preventionreportedthefindings.

MehmudhasbeenaWatchD．eerforthreeyears.“Thesedays，〞

hesays,“technologycantakeoverachild\'rderforparentsto

schooldayisfreefromvideogames

andsmartphones.〞AdamMehmudsaidheandothermenseehowinteractionsthatmay

seemsmallcanhelpchildrenlearntherightwaytodothings.“Iseemysonsdo

verythoughtfulthings,andhopefullypartofthereasonforthatisbecauseItry

todothingsforothers,too，〞Mehmudsaid.

语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了美国的一个项目——WatchD．O.G.S.，鼓

励父亲在子女的学校做志愿者，并阐述了该项目带来的好处。

1．Theunderlinedphrase“istheabbreviationfor〞inParagraph1canbe

replacedby“________〞．

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A．standsforB．caresfor

C．leavesforD．paysfor

[解析]词义猜测题。根据画线短语后的“DadsofGreatStudents〞可知，此处

D.O.G.S.是DadsofGreatStudents的缩写形式。由此可推出istheabbreviationfor

的意思是“是……的缩写〞，故A项符合题意。

[答案]A

2．What\'stheaimoftheprogramWatchD．O.G.S.?

A．Tohelpmenfindjobs.

B．Tohelpteachersteachbetter.

C．Togetmentovolunteeratschool.

D．Tomakemoney.

[解析]细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“Theprogramtriestogetmentospend

moretimeservingasvolunteersatschoolsacrosstheUnitedStates.〞可知，该项

目设置的目的是让男士在学校做志愿者。应当选C项。

[答案]C

3．Afather\'sengagementhasmanybenefitsEXCEPT________.

A．helpingchildrenfinishhighschool

B．preparingchildrenfortheirfuturecareer

C．reducingchildren\'sriskofdrugabuse

D．helpingchildrenlearntherightwaytodothings

[解析]细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“canhelpachildsucceedinschool〞，

“increasethechild\'schancesoffinishinghighschool〞和“reducinghisorher

riskofdrugabuse〞以与第四段中的“canhelpchildrenlearntherightwaytodo

things〞可知，A、C、D三项均是该项目带来的好处。应当选B项。

[答案]B

4．WhatcanweinferfromMehmud\'swor赋得古原草送别的译文 ds?

A．Theprogramisnothelpfulatall.

B．Parentsaretoobusytostaywiththeirchildren.

C．Parentsarethemostimportantpartinschooleducation.

D．Childrenarelikelytobeaddictedtoelectronicproductsathome.

[解析]推理判断题。根据文章最后一段马哈茂德所说的话，特别是“Buttheschool

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dayisfreefromvideogamesandsmartphones.〞可知，孩子们在家会沉溺于电子产品。

应当选D项。

[答案]D

B

(2018卷)

Plastic－EatingWorms

half

ofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutethe

hereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggests

ananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.

ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreater

waxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%m

left100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthe

wormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%irm

thattheworms\'chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,

theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.

14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownby

enzymes(酶)fromtheworms\'indingswerepublishedin

CurrentBiologyin2017.

FedericaBertocchini,co－authorofthestudy,saystheworms\'abilitytobreak

down鹅湖山下稻粱肥 豚栅鸡栖半掩扉 theireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.“Wax

isacomplexmixture,butt忆江南古诗意思 hebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon－carbonbond,

isthereaswell，〞sheexplains.“Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemto

breakthisbond.〞

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JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnot

involvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdown

paredwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreaking

tstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecause

enzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠

道微生物)?

Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam\'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploythe

expectsusingthechemicalin

somekindofi单相思伤感句子 ndustrialprocess—notsimply“millionsofwormsthrownontopof

theplastic.〞

语篇解读：本文是一篇科技类说明文，介绍了西班牙和英国的研究者最近的一项关于蜡

螟虫能够分解塑料中的聚乙烯的研究。

5．Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?

A．Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.

B．Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.

C．Theycanconsumeplastics.

D．Theywindupinlandfills.

[解析]推理判断题。通过文章第二段的实验研究可知，这种虫子可以消耗分解塑料。

故答案为C。

[答案]C

6．AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto________.

A．identifyothermeansofthebreakdown

B．findoutthesourceoftheenzyme

C．confirmtheresearchfindings

D．increa也无风雨也无晴上一句是什么 sethebreakdownspeed

[解析]细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，下一步JenniferDeBruyn要找出这

种虫子分解塑料的原因所在，即这种分解酶是由这种虫子分泌的，还是由它肠道里的微生物

产生的。

[答案]B

7．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight________.

A．helptoraiseworms

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B．helpmakeplasticbags

C．beusedtocleantheoceans

D．beproducedinfactoriesinfuture

[解析]推理判断题。从最后一段最后一句中的insomekindofindustrialprocess

可推断出，此处是说在某种工业过程中使用这种化学物质。

[答案]D

8．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A．Toexplainastudymethodonworms.

B．Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.

C．Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.

D．Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco－balance.

[解析]推理判断题。根据文章内容进展推理判断，可知本文的写作目的就是为了介绍

一项研究发现——蜡螟虫可以分解塑料。故答案为C。

[答案]C

Ⅱ.七选五阅读填空

FourReasonstoLookforaSummerJob

Youmayhaveheardallkindsofnegativestuff(东西)againandagainaboutthis

summer\'sjobmarket.__1__on\'tland

thejobyouwant,you\'llstillgainsomethingfromtheprocess.

ejobsyouapplyfor,thebetteryou\'ll

getatinterviewing.__2__Ithelpswitheverythingfromgettingintocollegeto

landingafulltimejobwhenthetimecomes.

Getbetteratdealingwithrejection.__3__Rejectionisafactoflife,and

there\'snodenying(否认)dnewsisthatthe

morewefacerejectionandlearntodealwiththefeelingsthatgowithit,theeasier

itbecomestogetpastthehurtandbounceback.

__4__Didyoutakeajobthatwasn\'tyourfirstchoice?Youmightdiscovera

eredtheperfectjob?Feelyour

selfesteemsoar(急升)!Andifnothingworksout?Youmaydecidetostartyourown

business.

,it\'saloteasiertosithomedoing

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ngoutjob－huntingcanpushyououtofthat

comfortzoneintoawholenewexperience.__5__

A．Facelesscompetition.

B．Learnsomethingaboutyourself.

C．Andyouneverknowwha《春》艾青 tyoumayfind.

D．Youhavenothingtoloseandlotstogain.

E．It\'sunlikelytogetthefirstjobyouinterviewfor.

F．Itistruethatjobsforteenag旁骛 erscanbetoughtofind.

G．Learninghowtocomeacrosswellinaninterviewisaskillyou\'lluseforever.

语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者列举了建议青少年暑期作兼职的四个理由。

1．[解析]根据空前的“allkindsofnegativestuff(东西)〞与空后的“Butthey

areoutthere.〞可知，前后句之间存在转折关系，故F项符合语境。

[答案]F

2．[解析]根据本段的主题句“Developyourinterviewskills.〞以与G项中的“an

interview〞“askill〞与“interviewskills〞的对应关系可知G项符合语境。

[答案]G

3．[解析]根据该段主题句“Getbetteratdealingwithrejection.〞以与空后内

容得知，E项“第一次面试就得到工作不大可能〞符合语境。

[答案]E

4．[解析]其余三个主题句均是祈使句，故本空也应填一个祈使句，只有A项和B项

符合这个要求。再根据该段中的问句和答句可知，此处讲的是工作可以让人们了解自己，故

B项符合语境。

[答案]B

5．[解析]根据该段主题句“Pushthelimitsofyourcomfortzone.〞以与关键词

“awholenewexperience〞可知要挑战自己，尝试新事物，收获惊喜，故C项符合语境。

[答案]C

Ⅲ峡口送友人阅读答案 .短文改错

(2018湖南五市十校教研教改共同体联考)

DearTom，

laste－mail,youaskedmeforadvices

\'dliketosharemyopinion.

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Nowadays,takeChina\'shigh－y,

it\'ndoflastyear,thehigh－speedrailwayshave

beenbuiltinmostofthecitiesinChina,whichcouldhelppeopletraveltodifferent

w,thehigh－speedrailwaynetworkhascoveredthe

totalof22,ly,it\'2015,whichaSwedishman

cted(竖立)acoinonthewindowsillor

zing!So,buddy,whynottohaveatry?

Yours，

LiHua

[答案]

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