2024年4月11日发(作者：绍兴鲁迅中学数学试卷高一)
备战高考英语语法填空热点话题分类训练
(高考模拟真题+名校最新真题)
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，
能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不
能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本
人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的
正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，
要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌
跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要
善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检
查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面
对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，
遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳
理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺
复习方法。
专题31 人工智能ChatGPT
（
2023·
黑龙江哈尔滨
·
哈九中校考二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released ___1___ (show) and test what a very large, powerful
AI system can accomplish. You can ask it any question and often will get ___2___ useful answer.
ChatGPT is a big deal. The tool seems pretty knowledgeable in areas ___3___ there’s good training data for
it to learn from. Since its launch, more than a million people ___4___ (try) out ChatGPT. And it’s becoming big
business. But ChatGPT is an AI that’s trained to recognize patterns in mass text ___5___ (harvest) from the
Internet, then further trained with human assistance to deliver more useful, better dialog. The answers you get may
sound ___6___ (reason) and even authoritative, ___7___ they might well be entirely wrong, as OpenAI warns.
The fact that it offers an answer, though, is a remarkable development in computing. Computers are famously
literal, ___8___ (refuse) to work unless you follow exact requirements. ChatGPT is revealing a more
human-friendly style of interaction, not to mention an ability to generate ___9___ (answer) that are somewhere
____10____ copying and creativity.
（
2023·
江苏南通
·
统考二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
ChatGPT and AI Chatbot Race
The next online revolution has started. It is gathering pace___11___breakneck (
极快的
) speed. It began on
November the 30
th
___12___the tech company OpenAI released its ChatGPT chatbot.
This is a search box you can have___13___ conversation with. It can provide the answer to any request you
make, in perfect grammar. Should you require a 300-word text about a movie star ___14___ (write) in the style of
Shakespeare, you will get it.
ChatGPT has spread like wildfire across social media. However, hot on the heels of ChatGPT ___15___
(come) Google’s Bard chatbot. It was launched on February the 6th. A Google Microsoft battle for absolute power
over the future of online search is now unfolding.
There are countless questions regarding how chatbots ___16___ (shake) up the Internet and our world.
Educators are worrying about “the end of homework” as bots can ___17___ (instant) provide convincing essays
and answers to a grade-A standard. Workers are concerned the bots are a genuine threat to all manner of jobs.
Google made ___18___ (attempt) to reduce people’s anxiety about the possible threats of chatbots. It said:
“AI can deepen our understanding of information ___19___ turn it into useful knowledge more efficiently,
___20___ (make) it easier for people to get to the heart of what they ‘re looking for and get things done.”
（
2023·
重庆
·
高三重庆巴蜀中学校考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1
个适当的单词或括号内单
词的正确形式。
In less than 2 months, the program ChatGPT____21____(become) a cultural sensation. It is
freely____22____(access) through a web portal created by the tool’s developer,OpenAI. The program-which
automatically creates text____23____(base) on written prompts-is so popular that it’s likely to be“at capacity right
now“ if you attempt to use it.
ChatGPT was developed with____24____ technique called Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback
to train the language model,____25____(enable) it to be very conversational.____26____, as the website states,
“ChatGPT sometimes writes answers that sound reasonable but actually incorrect.”
Many concerns relate to____27____ChatGPT will change education. It certainly can write essays about a
range of____28____(topic). If anything, the implications for education may push teachers to rethink their courses
in innovative ways and give assignments that aren’t____29____(easy) solved by AI. That could be for the best.
More worrisome_____30_____(be) the effects of ChatGPT on writing scientific papers. In a recent study,
abstracts created by ChatGPT were submitted to academic reviewers, who only caught 63% of these fakes. That’s
a lot of Al-generated text that could find its way into the literature soon.
（
2023·
江苏南京
·
南京师大附中校考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填如
1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
ChatGPT is high-tech progress, not a revolution
ChatGPT is a powerful chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched in November 2022. ____31____ (build)
on top of OpenAI’s GPT-3 family of large language models, it engages in human-like dialogue egged by
prompting. It ____32____ (design) to respond in a natural, intuitive way and has numerous potential uses.
From a scientific point of view, there is a need to closely watch the development of such
____33____(technology) before reaching a conclusion about their efficacy and helpful nature. Technology
progresses step by step. So we should not panic thinking ChatGPT will take up jobs ____34____ till now need
humans to fulfill.
ChatGPT is an example of high-tech progress, not a revolution.
First, ChatGTP ____35____ (make) quite some progress in natural language processing, yet it still has a long
way to go to completely understand the human mind and language faculty, because when it comes to professional
writing, ChatGPT at times writes plausible-sounding but ____36____ (correct) or nonsensical answers. It might
give some good answers to most of the general questions, ____37____ it is no substitute for professional advice,
such as medical prognosis and prescriptions, or legal advice.
Second, ChatGPT is still a product ____38____ very limited application. It has the potential to be used for
enhancing search engine functionality but, as a pre-trained language model, it will have limited use.
Due to these limitations, investors should not ____39____(blind) invest huge amounts to further develop
ChatGPT and should not expect quick returns on investment. Yet as a _____40_____(promise) AI development,
ChatGPT is likely to advance in the medium, if not the short term.
（
2023·
河南郑州
·
统考二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
From writing poetry to making music, ChatGPT ____41____( amaze) the world since
its launch in late 2022
by the US-based company Open Al. It even passed several law exams in four courses at the University of
Minnesota, US, according to CNN.
The Al program can answer questions on a large number of topics, and write essays, stories and any other
written texts you can think of. It does this by drawing on information ____42____(collect) from a large corpus (
语
料库
)of text data.
What makes ChatGPT so impressive? As Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI said in an interview, “It’s not
actually ____43____(fundamental) new technology that made ChatGPT have a moment.”
According to MIT Technology Review, ChatGPT is based on a large language model. Because texts are more
complex ____44____the meaning of every word combined, language models require a type of neural (
神经
的
)network that can make sense of texts. One breakthrough behind today’s models_____45_____(be) a network
called Transformer, invented by Google researchers. The neural network can infer ____46____the word means by
tracking where it appears in a sentence. Transformer can therefore collect the meaning of texts more accurately.
The GPT models built by OpenAI combined Transformer with unsupervised learning, ____47____(mean)
that the models can learn by themselves without being told what to look at. ChatGPT can now generate
human-like responses instantly due ____48____the large scale of texts it learned from.
“One of the biggest ____49____( problem) with ChatGPT is that it comes back, very confidently, with false
contents,” Michael Wooldridge at the Alan Turing Institute in London, UK, told The Guardian. This means
ChatGPT doesn’t know the truth about the world - it learns information from _____50_____(variety) resources
but it cannot decide what is true or false.
（
2023
春
·
重庆
·
高三统考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。
It can take a little imagination to see how some innovations might change an economy. Not so with the latest
AI tools. It is easy — from a writer’s perspective, uncomfortably so — ___51___(think) of contexts in which
something like ChatGPT, a clever chatbot which___52___(take) the web by storm since its release in November
2022, could either dramatically boost a human worker’s productivity or replace them outright. The ChatGPT in its
name stands for “generative pre-trained transformer”, ___53___ is a particular kind of language model.
___54___(feed) huge amounts of human-created text, ChatGPT looks for statistical regularities in this data,
learns what words and phrases ___55___(associate) with others and therefore predict what words should come
next in any given sentence and ___56___ sentences fit together. The result is a machine that can persuasively
mimic (
模仿
) human language.
This capacity ___57___ mimicry allows ChatGPT to write essays and poetry, think up jokes, formulate code,
and answer questions whether to a child or an expert. Its performance is so astonishing ___58___ many over the
past months have been both celebrating and panicking. “Essays are dead,” wrote the cognitive scientist Tim
Kietzmann. Others claim that it will finish off Google as a search engine. And the program ___59___ thinks it
may be able to replace humans in jobs from insurance agent to court reporter.
Nevertheless, there is an ____60____(underlie) problem that faces any form of artificial intelligence. A
computer manipulates (
处理
) symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules with which to transform one string of
symbols into another, or to recognize statistical patterns. But it does not specify what those symbols or patterns
mean. To a computer, meaning is irrelevant ChatGPT “knows” what appears meaningful to humans, but not what
is meaningful to itself.
（
2023
春
·
辽宁
·
高一校联考阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容
(1
个单词
)
或括号内单词的
正确形式。
ChatGPT: a good study tool or a way to cheat?
ChatGPT, a powerful AI chatbot tool, ____61____ (sweep) the world in the past few months. While it has
been dominating social media with its frighteningly good essays, ChatGPT has also caused both ____62____
(excite)and worry in education.
According to ____63____ US survey of more than 1,000 students, over 89 percent of them admitted that they
had used ChatGPT to help with their homework, thus ____64____ (get) high scores thanks to papers written by
ChatGPT.
Some universities and schools have banned the use of ChatGPT. ____65____ (obvious), there are growing
concerns about the effect of ChatGPT____66____ example, the tool could make it ____67____ (easy)
for students to cheat on assignments and be used to spread inaccurate information.
While ChatGPT may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions, it does not build
critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, ____68____ are essential for academic and lifelong success. Besides
the bans, some college professors in the US have taken measures to block the use of ChatGPT and required the
students to hand in handwritten papers rather than ____69____ (type) ones, The New York Times reported.
However, not all educators are saying no to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are not planning on
banning the tool. Instead, they are drafting _____70_____ (policy) on its proper usage, for both students and
lecturers.
（
2023
春
·
湖北
·
高二校联考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人
1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
AI chatbot phenomenon ChatGPT is changing the world and has kicked off a new global AI race. Some
experts regarded it as one of the greatest _____71_____(invent) since the internet. Over the past few weeks, I
_____72_____ (find) that ChatGPT has several advantages over us humans. _____73_____
instance, ChatGPT
can rapidly look through the whole internet-based database. It can also compose sentences and summarize
information almost as well as humans, and improve itself through deep learning.
But there is one aspect where ChatGPT falls far behind humans: The pursuit of a better life is
___74___distinguishes humans from AL. People grew tired of walking on foot, so vehicles ____75____ (develop).
People dreamed of flying in the sky, so aircrafts were invented. In a sense, itis people’s seeking for a better life
___76___pushes human history forward. That applies to the development of AI, too. However, ChatGPT is only a
pile of code, written as ____77___
means only to solve problems. They cannot raise problems to solve, which is
why they cannot improve _____78_____(dependent).
Yet AI is without any genes. It has been created as a tool to offer service __79__ (make) people’s lives better,
as part of the whole efforts of improving lives. That’s why there is no need to worry about AI ______80______
( replace) humans.
参考答案：
1
．
to show 2
．
a 3
．
where 4
．
have tried/have been trying 5
．
harvested 6
．
reasonable 7
．
but
8
．
refusing 9
．
answers 10
．
between
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了
ChatGPT
是
OpenAI
发布的一个
AI
聊天机器人系统，旨在展示和测
试一个非常强大的
AI
系统可以完成的任务。你可以问它任何问题，通常都会得到有用的答案。
1
．考查动词不定式。句意：
ChatGPT
是
OpenAI
发布的一个
AI
聊天机器人系统，旨在展示和测试一个非常
强大的
AI
系统可以完成的任务。分析句子可知，该句为关系代词
that
引导的定语从句，先行词
an AI chatbot
system
在从句中作
released
宾语，后接动词不定式
to do
表示
“
为了
……”
，作从句中的目的状语。故填
to show
。
2
．考查冠词。句意：你可以问它任何问题，通常都会得到有用的答案。根据句意以及空后的
answer
单数名
词可知，此处为表示泛指
“
一个有用的答案
”
，为泛指概念，结合
useful
为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词
a
修饰。故填
a
。
3
．考查定语从句。句意：该工具似乎在有良好训练数据可供它学习的领域非常有知识。分析句子可知，此
处为关系副词
where
引导的定语从句，先行词
areas
在从句中作地点状语成分。故填
where
。
4
．考查动词时态。句意：自上线以来，已有超过
100
万人试用了
ChatGPT
。分析句子可知，
try(
试用
)
是句
中谓语动词，与主语
people
之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语
Since
，结合句意，可强调结果，用现在完成
时态，也可强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，用现在完成进行时，又因
people
作主语，谓语动词应使用复
数形式。故填
have tried/have been trying
。
5
．考查非谓语动词。句意：但
ChatGPT
是一种人工智能，它经过训练，可以识别从互联网上收集的大量文
本中的模式，然后在人类的帮助下进一步训练，以提供更有用、更好的对话。分析句子可知，此处为非谓
语动词作后置定语修饰
patterns in mass text
，
patterns in mass text
和动词
harvest
为被动关系，所以为过去分
词形式。故填
harvested
。
6
．考查形容词。句意：
OpenAI
警告说，你得到的答案可能听起来合理甚至权威，但它们很可能是完全错
误的。由
and
连接的
authoritative
为形容词可知，此处也应为形容词形式，共同作
sound
的表语成分。故填
reasonable
。
7
．考查连词。句意：
OpenAI
警告说，你得到的答案可能听起来合理甚至权威，但它们很可能是完全错误
的。根据上下句句意可知，此处为连词
but
表示转折，满足上下文逻辑关系。故填
but
。
8
．考查非谓语动词。句意：电脑是出了名的刻板，除非你严格遵守要求，否则它是不会工作的。分析句子
可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，动词
refuse
和逻辑主语
Computers
为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故
填
refusing
。
9
．考查名词复数形式。句意：
ChatGPT
揭示了一种更人性化的交互方式，更不用说它能够生成介于复制和
创造性之间的答案。提示语作宾语，用名词，结合句意和常识可知，
ChatGPT
可以提供各种不同问题的答
案，用复数。故填
answers
。
10
．考查介词。句意：
ChatGPT
揭示了一种更人性化的交互方式，更不用说它能够生成介于复制和创造性
之间的答案。根据句意以及
copying
和
creativity
中间的
and
可知，此处为介词
between
的填入，构成
between…and…“
在
……
两者之间
”
。故填
between
。
11
．
at 12
．
when 13
．
a 14
．
written 15
．
comes 16
．
will shake 17
．
instantly 18
．
attempts
19
．
and 20
．
making
【导语】这是一篇说明文。下一场网络革命已经开始，它正以惊人的速度加快步伐。文章主要介绍了科技
公司
OpenAI
发布的
ChatGPT
聊天机器人和谷歌发布的
Bard
聊天机器人之间的竞争。
11
．考查介词。句意：它正以惊人的速度加快步伐。
“
以
……
的速度
”
为短语
at...speed
，故填
at
。
12
．考查定语从句。句意：它始于
11
月
30
日，当时科技公司
OpenAI
发布了它的
ChatGPT
聊天机器人。
空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是
November the 30th
，且从句缺少时间状语，应用
when
引导，故填
when
。
13
．考查冠词。句意：
这是一个可以和你交谈的搜索框。
have a conversation with
固定搭配，意为
“
和
……
对话
”
，故填
a
。
14
．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你需要一篇
300
字的关于电影明星的莎士比亚风格的文章，你会得到它。
句中有谓语
should require
，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰
a 300-word text
，且动词
write
和
a 300-word text
是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填
written
。
15
．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，紧随
ChatGPT
之后的是谷歌的
Bard
聊天机器人。此处在句中作谓
语，
hot on the heels of ChatGPT (
紧跟着
ChatGPT)
为句子状语，为了保持句子平衡，将状语置于句首，用全
部倒装，即将谓语动词提到主语前面，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是
Google’s Bard chatbot
，
谓语动词应用三单形式，故填
comes
。
16
．考查时态。句意：关于聊天机器人将如何撼动互联网和我们的世界，有无数的问题。此处在
how
引导
的宾语从句中作谓语，由句意可知，句子描述将要发生的事，应用一般将来时，故填
will shake
。
17
．考查副词。句意：教育工作者正在担心
“
家庭作业的终结
”
，因为机器人可以立即提供令人信服的论文和
答案，达到
A
级标准。此处应用副词修饰动词
provide
，故填
instantly
。
18
．考查固定搭配。句意：谷歌试图减轻人们对聊天机器人可能带来的威胁的焦虑。
make attempts to do sth.
固定搭配，意为
“
试图做某事
”
，故填
attempts
。
19
．
“
人工智能可以加深我们对信息的理解，考查连词。句意：报告称：并更有效地将其转化为有用的知识，
使人们更容易找到他们所寻找的东西的核心，并完成工作。
”
空处前后
“
可以加深我们对信息的理解
”
和
“
并更
有效地将其转化为有用的知识
”
是并列关系，应用连词
and
，故填
and
。
20
．考查非谓语动词。句意：
报告称：
“
人工智能可以加深我们对信息的理解，并更有效地将其转化为有
用的知识，使人们更容易找到他们所寻找的东西的核心，并完成工作。
”
此处是非谓语动词作状语，表示自
然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式，故填
making
。
21
．
has become 22
．
accessible 23
．
based 24
．
a 25
．
enabling 26
．
However/Nevertheless
27
．
how 28
．
topics 29
．
easily 30
．
are
【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能
ChatGPT
的相关信息。
21
．考查时态。句意：在不到两个月的时间里，
ChatGPT
项目已经引起了文化轰动。分析句子可知，空格
处作谓语。根据时间状语
“In less than 2 months”
可知，在不到两个月的时间，
ChatGPT
已经引起了文化界的
轰动，故用现在完成时。故填
has become
。
22
．考查形容词。句意：它可以通过该工具的开发者
OpenAI
创建的门户网站自由访问。分析句子可知，空
格处在系动词后面，应用形容词做表语。故填
accessible
。
23
．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个根据书面提示自动创建文本的程序非常受欢迎，如果你尝试使用它，它
很可能
“
现在已经满负荷
”
。
based on
在句中做定语，意为
“
基于书写的提示词创造出文章
”
。故填
based
。
24
．考查冠词。句意：
ChatGPT
是用一种名为
“
从人类反馈中强化学习
”
的技术开发的，用于训练语言模型，
technique
使其能够非常对话。此处表示
“
一种叫做
Reinforcement Learning
的技术
”
，是泛指，故用不定冠词。
读音以辅音音素开头，故填
a
。
25
．考查现在分词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。根据句意，此处是结
状语，且是
“
自然而然的结果
”
，故用现在分词。故填
enabling
。
26
．考查副词。句意：然而，正如网站所说，
“ChatGPT
有时会写出听起来合理但实际上不正确的答案。
”
前句在讲
ChatGPT
的好处，后句在讲它的不足，两句用
“However/Nevertheless”
表转折。故填
However/Nevertheless
。
27
．考查宾语从句。句意：许多担忧与
ChatGPT
将如何改变教育有关。此处为
relate to
的宾语从句，从句
中缺状语，结合后面在讲
“ChatGPT
如何改变教育的
”
，故用
how
引导。故填
how
。
28
．考查名词的数。句意：它当然可以写关于一系列主题的文章。根据空前的
a range of
可知，此处应用名
词复数形式。故填
topics
。
29
．考查副词。句意：如果有什么不同的话，这对教育的影响可能会促使教师以创新的方式重新思考他们
的课程，并给出人工智能不容易解决的作业。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语修饰动词
solved
。故
填
easily
。
30
．考查时态。句意：更令人担忧的是
ChatGPT
对撰写科学论文的影响。此处为倒装句，表语提前，主语
为
“the effects”
，是复数形式。根据上文可知，此处应用一般现在时态。故填
are
。
31
．
Built 32
．
is designed 33
．
technologies 34
．
that/which 35
．
has made 36
．
incorrect
37
．
but/yet 38
．
with 39
．
blindly 40
．
promising
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款功能强大的聊天机器人
——ChatGPT
。
31
．考查非谓语动词。句意：它建立在
OpenAI
的
GPT-3
大型语言模型家族的基础上，在提示的推动下进
行类似人类的对话。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语
it
与
build
之间为被动关系，所
以用过去分词作状语。故填
Built
。
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