peeled是什么意思led在线翻译读音例句

LED柔性照明及显示用超弹性柔性荧光膜

贾静;贾虎生;张爱琴;申倩倩;李栋信;刘旭光

【摘要】FlexibleLEDshaveattractedsignificantinterestinrecentyearsfor

entapolydimethylsiloxanebased

phosphorfilmthatiscapableofhighelasticityandflexibilitywhileactively

nlyexhibitsgoodthermalstabilityinawiderange

of-50-230℃,

preparedtransparentPDMSthinfilmandthecorrespondingphosphorfilm

enablecompleteflexibilityandelasticity,thelargestelongationisupto

400%and275%,s,whiteLEDswerefabricatedusing

preparedYAG-dopedphosphorfilm,showingaverageTcof6925K,CRIof

71andmeanluminousefficiencyof115.7lm/rmore,the

proposedphotoluminescentfilmsintwocolorsandaflexible33LED

arrayglowingwiththreecolorswerefabricatedusingthinelasticand

transparentrubberandsubjectedtostretching,rollingandfoldingto

demonstratetheirpromisinguseinflexiblelightinganddisplay

applications.%柔性LED是近年来照明及显示领域研究的热点之一.本文提出了一

种新的基于有机硅胶(PDMS)制备的兼具超弹性和柔性的荧光薄膜,它不仅在-

50~230℃这一较宽的温度范围内展现了良好的热稳定性,还保持了原料荧光粉的光

学性能.所制备的透明PDMS基质膜和相应的荧光膜具有完全的柔性和超弹性,其最

大伸长率分别高达400%与275%.此外,采用所制掺YAG荧光膜和普通商用1W

蓝光芯片简单封装的白光LED灯珠满足日常白光照明的应用要求,呈现出约6925

K的平均色温,约71的平均显色指数,115.7lm/W左右的平均发光效率.最后,基于

所提出荧光膜成膜工艺而制备的三色33柔性阵列显示,可以轻易被拉伸、卷曲和

折叠,显示了它在柔性照明及显示器件方面具有应用价值和潜力.

【期刊名称】《发光学报》

【年(卷),期】2017(038)011

【总页数】10页(P1493-1502)

【关键词】LED;柔性设计;荧光膜;光学性能

【作者】贾静;贾虎生;张爱琴;申倩倩;李栋信;刘旭光

【作者单位】太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030024;太原理工大学

材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030024;太原理工大学新材料界面科学与工程教育

部重点实验室,山西太原030024;太原理工大学新材料界面科学与工程教育部重点

实验室,山西太原030024;太原理工大学轻纺工程学院,山西太原030024;太原理

工大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030024;太原理工大学材料科学与工程学

院,山西太原030024;太原理工大学新材料界面科学与工程教育部重点实验室,山

西太原030024;太原理工大学化学化工学院,山西太原030024

【正文语种】中文

【中图分类】O482.31

ytelevisions,computers,mobile

phonesandopen-airlargescreens,butalsothesurfaceoftablesorwalls,

andthedisplaysinsidevehicleswillbecomevariousscreensshowing

thin-filmtransistorliquidcrystaldisplay(TFT-LCD)

technologyapplicationshavebeencommonplace,activematrixorganic

light-emittingdiodedisplays(OLEDs)usingglassorplasticsubstrateshave

ptimaldisplaytechnologyatthisstage[1-2],

OLEDshavealreadybeenseeninsmartphones,televisions,tabletsanda

ntly,TFT-LCDisbeing

,theluminescencemechanism

,RGBcolorsignalsareemitted

heless,todate

therearefewrealLEDsbasedself-luminousdisplayswithsmallscreensize

Dsareappliedmoreinlighting

field,correspondingly,differentcolorsandsortsofphosphorpowders

excitedbyblueornearultraviolet(NUV)LEDchipshavebeenconstantly

exploited.

Ontheotherhand,flexibledisplays,whichcanbebent,rolled,oreven

folded,aredevelopinginfastspeedbecauseofthemegamarketdemand

tcommonapproachtoobtainflexible

LEDsistoemploystretchabletransparentelectrodes[3]orflexible

substrates[4-6],forexample,electrodesbasedonindiumtinoxide(ITO)

films[7],graphene[8],single-ormulti-walledcarbonnanotubes(SWNTsor

MWNTs)[9-10],polyethylene-dioxythiophene∶polystyrene-

sulfonate(PEDOT∶PSS)[11],ornanowires[12].Inaddition,colloidal

quantumdot(QD)flexiblesheetsofCdSe/ZnShaverecentlyappearedin

flexibleLEDsforlightinganddisplayapplications[13-15].

T关于七夕的经典诗句 oourknowledge,theliteratureregardingstretchabletransparent

phosphor-basedfilmhybridizedwithlightemittingdiodestoachieve

uently,a

highlystretchableandtransparenthydroxyl-terminated

polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)filmispreparedthroughbulkpolymerization

andheatcuringwithoutfillerorcatalyst,andthenaflexiblemulticolor

phosphormembranebasedonalphabettemplatesispresented,which

ftinyflexiblefluorescent

filmpanels,eachemittingdifferentcolor(suchasred,greenandblue)

throughselectiveblendingofphotoluminescencephosphor,couldbea

newclassofdisplaytechniqueforLED文化苦旅读后感 displaydeviceswithNUVexcitation

sthat,theproposedflexiblephosphorfilmcanbeutilizedas

remotephosphoragentsforthepackagingstructureofchip-on-board

(COB)tablyamajorchangein

conventionallampsdesignconceptmayoccursincesuperelastic,flexible

andself-adhesivephosphorfilmcanwraparoundLEDexcitationsourcesin

anyshapeorform.

2.1Materials

Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane(D4,98%),potassiumhydroxide(KOH,82%),

ethylorthosilicate(TEOS,40%SiO2),tetrahydrofuran(THF,99%).All

-dopedyttrium

aluminumgarnet(YAG∶Ce3+)andoxy-nitrideredphosphors(ZYP630H,

BeijingNakamura-Yuji),teflon(PTFE)coagulatingmoldswithalphabet

templateslot,whichhavethreesizesof28mm28mm1mm,60mm60

mm0.5mmand40mm40mm4mm,andnine-blockmouldswith40

mm40mmmadeby可以加什么偏旁 a3Dprinterusingpolypropylene(PP),1WblueLED

chipswithpof445nm(madeinChina)wereusedinthiswork.

2.2SynthesisofTransparentPDMSRubberandPreparationofMulticolor

PhosphorFilms

AcertainamountofD4washeatedto130℃intheheatingmantle,and

injectedKOHascatalystwithdosagelessthan0.1%,thenthereaction

temperaturewascooledtobelow100℃whentheviscosityofreactant

increased,around4%deionizedwaterwasintroducedasblockingagent

roductionofwaterledtoshorteningof

thepolymermolecularchainsandreducingofviscosity,theresulting

polymeratroomtemperaturewashydroxylsiliconeoilwithpHof7to8.

AccordingtotheGPCmeasurementinFig.1,weightaveragemolecular

weight()andnumberaveragemolecularweight()ofsyntheticsiliconeoil

are149492and61656g/mol,ingly,themolecular

weightdistributioniswide(/≈2.425).

ThesiliconeoilandTEOSwereblendedattheratioof5∶1inweightinthe

ards,inorganicphosphor

powderaccountingfor10%ofmassofsiliconeoilwasmixedintoit,or

uently,theuniform

mixturewasfilledintoPTFEmoldsandsmallairbubbleswereremoved

y,phosphorfilmwasbakedandcuredat110℃for5

handthendriedinovenat47℃lydriedfilmswerepeeled

offfromthemoldsurfaceandusedasflexiblefree-standingsheetsof

thesisrouteofproposed

transparentPDMSelastomerisshowninFig.2.

2.3Characterization

Themolecularweightofsynthetichydroxylsiliconeoilwasdetermined

usinggelpermeationchromatography(GPC,TDAmax,Malvern).

Qualitativeanalysisofthestructuresofpreparedsiliconeoiland

crosslinkedPDMSwastakenusingFouriertransforminfraredspectrometer

(FTIR,Tensor27,Bruker).ThekineticsofdegradationforpreparedPDMS

elasticmembranewasmeasuredusingthermogravimetric/differential

thermalanalysisinstrument(TG/DTA,STA409C,Netzsch).Differential

scanningcalorimetry(DSC)curvesontransparentPDMSfilmswere

detectedusingQ2000apparatus(TAInstruments).Thetensiletestingwas

conductedatanelectronicuniversaltestingmachinewithrectangular

specimensheetsthathadagaugelengthof20mm,awidthof10mmand

ransmittanceandabsorptionspectrumwere

collectedusingHitachi-3900UV-Visspectrometer(theslitwidthwas2nm).

FluorescencespectraweremeasuredonanEdinburghLFS-920

spectrometerandtheabsolutequantumyieldofdifferentsampleswas

determinedthroughanabsolutemethodbyemployinganintegrating

oluminescence(EL)spectrawereanalyzedusingacomputer

controlledPMS-80UV-Vis-nearIRspectrometerwithanintegratingsphere.

Allmeasurementsweremadeatroomtemperatureunlessotherwise

stated.

3.1FTIRSpectroscopy

TheIRspectraofsyntheticsiliconeoilandcrosslinkedPDMSaregivenin

iteclearthatthebandshapeandwavenumberofsiliconeoil

arebasicallyinaccordancewiththoseofcrosslinkedPDMS,althoughthe

absorbanceforthelatterismuchhigherasaresultofmoresample

eabsorptionbandcontainingtwoO—Hstretching

vibrationsat3449and3132cm-1canbeobserved,whichmaybedueto

theformationofintermolecularhydrogenbondbetweenendOHgroups

ofPDMS,andthentheO—Hstretchingvibrationfrequenciesdecreaseto

becomeawideband[16].AsforcrosslinkedPDMS,thesametwo

absorptionbandsarenotobviousratherthandisappearedbecauseof

rmore,thebandintensitiesremainunchanged

forthereasonthatthenumberofterminalhydroxylgroupsdropsby50%

afterthecrosslinkingreactioninspiteofmoresamplequantities.

Thecharacteristicasymmetricalstretchingvibrationof—CH3occursat2

tiontothisvibration,anotherweakerabsorptionbandat

2905cm-1iscausedbythe—CH3rotamerincrosslinkednetwork

structure,asshowninFig.3(b).Andthesymmetricalbendingvibrationof

—CH3islocatedat1402and1400cm-1forsiliconeoilandcrosslinked

PDMS,er,thebackboneofPDMSismadeupof

inorganicsiloxane(Si—O—Si),whoseasymmetricalstretchingvibration

bandissplitintotwobandsat1096and1022cm-1orso,andthe

tion

bandsat866and700cm-1areassignedtothestretchingvibrationofSi—

s,absorptionbandsat1261and482cm-1maybecausedby

veresultsindicatethatthe

synthesizedpolymerhasthechemicalstructuredepictedinFig.2.

3.2ThermalAnalysis

ThethermalpropertiesofpreparedPDMSfilmwereinvestigatedby

thermogravimetric(TG)analysisanddifferentialthermalgravimetric(DTG)

analysis,differentialscanningcalorimetry(DSC)undernitrogen

ninFig.4,theonsetdecompositiontemperature

(Tonset)ofthepolymeris231.8℃,asdeterminedfromtheintersectionof

extendedbaselineandlinecomposedofpointof5%weightlossandpoint

of50%weightloss[17].Noweightlossoccursbetween100℃andTonset,

imum

decompositionrateoccursat472℃withaweightlossof31.5%,and

eventuallycompletedecompositionofsampleisreachedat527℃with

residueof1.88%.

Theglasstransitiontemperature(Tg)ofthepolymerisnotapparenton

thesecondheatingcurveintherangeof-50-400℃,asseenfromFig.4(b).

Theexothermicpeakoncoolingcurveisattributedtonewcohesional

entanglementformedfromtheshiftsoflocalmolecularchainsegmentsto

veresults

confirmthatpreparedPDMSfilmhasgoodthermalstabilityinawide

rangeof-50-230℃,andisthermallystableenoughforfabricationofLEDs,

giventhatthejunctiontemperatureofLEDisgenerallylessthan

150℃[18-19].

3.3OpticalProperties

ThelighttransmittanceofpreparedPDMSfilminvisiblewavelengthis

morethan70%andeven80%especiallyinblueandgreenregions

between464-547nm(refertoFig.5),completelytransparentglassslides

areastheblankcontrolsample,indicatingthatsynthesizedPDMS

,YAGparticlesinsideproposed

phosphorfilmcanobtainenoughexcitinglightthatpassesthrough

er,thereisonecharacteristicabsorption

peakat455nmintheabsorptionspectrumofYAGphosphorfilm,

demonstratingitcanbeexcitedbybluelighttoemityellowlightas

originalYAGphosphors.

Thesolid-stateexcitationandemissionspectraofpreparedYAGphosphor

filmandrawYAGphosphorrecordedatroomtemperaturearepresented

inFig.6(a)and(b).Theirpeakshapesareverysimilarforeither

photoluminescenceexcitation(PLE)spectraorphotoluminescence(PL)

itationspectraforbothshowadouble-peakstructure.

Alongwiththesub-highestpeaksataround344nmduetothetransitions

from2F5/2→2D5/2ofCe3+,thehighestpeaksappearat467and451nm

inbluelightregionarerelatedtothe2F7/2→2D5/2transitionsofCe3+

andensuresthatthepreparedYAGphosphorfilmcanmatchbluechips

withpof451nmorso.

Ontheotherhand,theredcurveinFig.6(b)displaystypicalemissionband

centeredat541nmwhenexcitedat450nm,whichiscompoundedof

emissionbandsvia2D3/2→2F7/2and2D3/2→2F5/2transitionsof

Ce3+[20],thecorrespondingyellow-greenfluorescenceofprepared

phosphorfilmcanmixwithunconvertedbluelighttoproducewhitelight,

andthecorrelated1931CommissionInternationaledeL’Eclairage(CIE)

coordinatesfortheYAGphosphorfilm(0.4088,0.5664)areclosertothe

greenlightregionthanthatforrawYAGphosphorpowders(0.4304,0.546

6),asmarkedinFig.6(c).Inaddition,theabsolutequantumyieldforYAG

phosphorfilm(0.60)isslightlysmallerthanthatforrawYAGphosphors

(0.72)excitedat450nm.

3.4Appearance

PDMSiscommonlyusedforpackagingmaterialswithhightransparency,

icular,inthisstudyitis

.7(a)an沉重的近义词 d(b)showthe

appearanceofpreparedtransparentPDMSfilmandYAG-dopedphosphor

sly,

proposedflexiblephosphorfilmwithsiliconeandYAGphosphoratmass

ratioof10∶1canallowsufficientbluelightpassthroughtomixwith

convertedyellowlightforwhitelight,andalsocanscattertheincident

bluelightefficiently[21].Therealglowingeffectofproposedmulticolor

phosphorfilmunderNUVilluminationoroverhigh-powerblueCOBLEDs

isdisplayedinFig.7(c)and(d),correspondingscalabilitycanbeseen

clearlyfromFig.7(e)and(f).

3.5MechanicalProperties

Thelong-chainmolecules(=61656g/molasshownpreviously)coupled

withhighbondenergyofSi—O(88-117kcal/mol)makesyntheticPDMS

highlyelastic(deformationwithin2关于中秋节的传统诗句 75%-400%)inthisstudy,andspecific

ticdeformation

occursthroughoutthetensionprocessandinconsequencethefractureof

ecific,the

fractureexhibitssmoothmirrorcharacteristics,becausethePDMS

molecularchainsshrinkfullyalongthetransversaldirection,whichresults

inaslowlypropagatingcrack,asuniaxialstretchingproceededwith

sly,theelongationatbreakofYAG

sonfor

lesserelasticityisthatthestressconcentrationunderforceiscreatedby

eachYAGphosphorparticledispersedinPDMS,andthegenerationand

expansionofcracksareintensifiedsothatthebrittlenessofphosphorfilm

strainofpreparedPDMSfilmwiththicknessof

2mmislessthan10N,butitstensilestrengthisimprovedwithincreasing

thickness.

Themostconvenienttechniquestosolvetheproblemonlowstrengthof

rubberaretoaddreinforcefillers,forinstance,whitecarbonblack,clay

andcalciumcarbonate[22-24],ortoprepareinterpenetratingpolymer

networks(IPNs)structuregenerallycomposedofimmisciblepolymers,

whichleadstophaseseparationsothattheresultingmaterialisnormally

opaque[25-27].Therefore,thefuturechallengeistoimprovetheweak

mechanicalstrengthofproposedphosphorfilmwithoutsacrificingits

trans-parency.

3.6WhiteLEDDevices

ThefabricatedLEDlampbeadsmadeofstandardbluechipsandslices

pof

commercialsilicone(DowCorning)isusedtofastenphosphorfilmwhile

ueemissionwith

peakwavelengthof445nmisradiatedfromLEDchiptoexciteYAG

phosphorfilm,someofincidentbluelightisc现代诗有哪些 onvertedintoyellowlight,

andtherestisdiffused,finallytheseraysareblendedtogeneratewhite

suredelectroluminescence(EL)spectraandrelevantCIE

chromaticitycoordinates

correspondingtoassembledwhite-LEDwithYAGphosphorfilm(0.3085,

0.3118)areclosetostandardwhitelight(0.33,0.33)accordingtothe1931

CIEcoordinatediagram[28-30].

AsgiveninTab.1,themeancolortemperature(Tc)offabricatedWLEDis6

925K,themeancolorrenderingindex(CRI)is71.1,andthemean

luminousefficiencyis115.7lm/W(fornakedblueLEDchipitisonly13.96

lm/W),meaningthatpreparedYAG-dopedphosphorfilmcanabsolutely

beappliedinwhitelightingapplicationsasaresultofgoodoptical

eemainreasonswhytheluminousefficiencyofwhite

LEDscanbeimprovedlargelycomparedtothatofnakedblueLEDareas

,whitelightisamixtureofbluelightradiatedfrombluechip

andyellow-greenlightemittedbyYAGphosphor,andthecalculation

equationoftotalluminousfluxofawhiteLED[31]is:

whereKm(lm/W)isthemaximumspectralluminousefficacyofeyeson

light,e(W)istheradiantfluxofalightsource,andVistherelative

luminous

rwords,totalluminousfluxofa

whiteLEDistheintegralofeachwavelengthofthespectrummultipliedby

llow-greenbandarea

meansrelativelymoreluminousfluxforfabricatedwhiteLEDinFig.9(a),

thereforetotalluminousfluxofawhiteLEDandcorrespondingluminous

efficiencyaremuchhigherthanthoseofnakedblueLEDinthesamedrive

currentcondition(120mA).Second,therefractiveindexofGaN-based

blueLEDchip(2.4)isbiggerthanthatoftheair(1.0),causingmostofthe

photonsofbluelightwouldbetotallyreflectedattheinterfacebetween

chipandair,rast,phosphorfilmonthe

surfaceofchipcansignificantlyincreasetheexternalquantumefficiencyof

blueLEDchipduetohigherrefractiveindexoftransparentsilicone(about

1.5)thephosphorinthe

conformalfilmstructurehasgoodthermalconductionforbluechip[32],

whichleadstolessheataccumulation,lowerrunningtemperature,and

higherluminousefficiencyofwhiteLEDs.

3.7FlexiblePhosphor-basedLightingandDisplays

AsshowninFig.10,theproposedphosphor-basedphotoluminescencefilm

makesflexiblelighting,whichcanbewrappeddirectlyinvariousshapesof

LEDexcitationsources,forexample,kground

colorofphotographimagesisbasicallyblueduetothefluorescerinside

whitepapersastheluminousbody’,nineindependent

pixelsof2mmspacingglowingwiththreecolorsunderNUVexcitations

werefabricatedusingthinelasticandtransparentrubberandwere

subjectedtostretching,rollingandfoldingtodemonstratethepotential

individualpixelshowsgoodopticalemissionwithasizeof10mm10mm.

AhighlyelasticandtransparentPDMSfilmwaspreparedbyasimpleand

pollution-freemethod,andthenaflexiblemulticolorphosphor-based

faraspreparedYAGphosphorfilmbeconcerned,itnotonlyretainsthe

opticalpropertiesofrawYAGphosphors,butalsoexhibitsgoodthermal

stabilityinawiderangeof-50-230℃.Thecombinationofbluechipand

yellowYAGphosphorfilmcansatisfytherequirementsofwhitelighting

applications,whichshowsaverageTcof6925K,CRIof71andmean

luminanceefficiencyof

115.7lm/W(fornakedbluechipitisonly13.9lm/W).Moreover,the

preparedtransparentPDMSthinfilmandthecorrespondingphosphorfilm

enablecompleteflexibilityandelasticity，thelargestelongationisupto

400%and275%,tely,wesucceededinutilizingthe

suggestedhighlyelastic,flexibleandtransparentphosphor-based

methodprovidesapromisingsolutiontorealizeflexible/stretchable

multicolordeviceshavinghighperformanceandlowcost,comparedwith

existingflexibleLEDsemployingstretchabletransparentelectrodesor

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emittingdiodes[J].IEEEPhoton.J.,2013,5:8200508.

贾静(1987-)，女，山西原平人，博士研究生，2013年于太原理工大学获得硕士

学位，主要从事柔性荧光薄膜的研究。

E-mail:**********************张爱琴(1974-),女，山西临猗人，副教授，硕士

生导师，2012年于太原理工大学获得博士学位,主要从事有机光电材料的研究。

E-mail:******************贾虎生(1964-)，男，山西太原人，教授，博士

生导师，1996年于西北工业大学获得博士学位，主要从事白光LED荧光粉与器件、

半导体异质结设计及光电化学行为等方面的研究。

E-mail:***********************