东欧的英文译语怎么说

八月十五日的英文五日翻译五日英语怎么说-coat什么意思

2023年4月19日发(作者：摄影培训学习)汉译英成段翻译训练
选自陆乃圣主编《新编大学翻译教程》，上海：上海世界图书出版公司，2006，PP165-195

一
中国实行改革开放以来，在经济上已取得举世瞩目的成就。在经济体制上，已从单一
的国有经济发展成为多种经济成分，尤其是三资企业和私营经济成分在近年来获得较大发
展。即使是国有经济，政府也不在直接干预其经济活动，要求他们成为自主经营、自负盈亏、
自我约束、自我发展的独立法人。国家不再给这些企业提供补贴，如长期亏损就实行破产，
由经营好的企业来兼并。对国内市场上的各种商品和生产要素，90%以上按供需平衡的市场
机制进行定价，所以中国经济一方面具有中国社会主义特色，一方面又与国际通行的市场经
济概念十分一致。
二
对您所说的大幅度降价我不敢苟同。您应该清楚，我们的产品是誉满全球的名牌产品，
而且我们绝对保证质量。虽然我们的周边国家和地区或许会以较低的价格吸引客户，但是我
们保证质量的做法，加上这次大幅度的价格下调，一定会使我们在市场上取胜。实话对您说，
我们还接到了许多新客户的订单。我们的报盘是合情合理的。
三
近年来网络产业急速发展。据今年早期因特网信息中心的统计数据，中国的公共网络
已覆盖400多个城市，上网电脑达820万台，经常上网者达2，260万人，网址有33，000
个。估计两年以后，中国的网民人数将跃居全球第二，仅次于美国。
然而，这个快速发展的产业出现了一些问题，其中大部分问题产生的原因是因为中国
在准备不足的情况下飞速越入了这个信息时代，遇到的问题涉及到网络服务、网络信息、电
子商务等。
要想开发一个拥有13亿人口的市场，网络服务部门应改建服务，使普通用户能轻松上
网，使上网的简便程度如同打开家用电器一般。
四
为扩大国际经济合作和技术交流，中华人民共和国于1979年7月8日颁布了中国合资
企业法，后来于同年8月又宣布中国可接受与外商、海外华人及港澳同胞建立合股式合资企
业。1988年4月，中国政府又公布了契约式合资企业法，从而为外国企业家在中国投资铺
平了一条灵活的道路。
为促进中外企业家之间的交流，中国国际信托投资公司于1979年10月4日成立。这
个公司受中华人民共和国国务院直接领导。它的职能是组建合资企业。通过中信公司中介，
不少外国投资者已与中国企业签订了合资协定。对与中方伙伴建立合资企业感兴趣的外国公
司或企业都可与中信公司联系、进行磋商。当然，我们也欢迎他们直接与中方伙伴联系。合
资企业都必须经外国投资委员会或其授权的部门审批。
五
在一个电子与电信占主导地位的时代，我们无论怎样强调变化的重要意义都不会过分。
摩托罗拉公司对“变化”所下的定义是，变化既是挑战，又是机会。摩托罗拉公司在过去十
年中抓住了中国的变化带来的机遇，把公司建设成美国在华投资者中最成功的公司之一。
我们以坚定的参与精神和巨大的投资份额，在中国促进技术进步。正因为如此，摩托
罗拉品牌才得以在中国家喻户晓。中国既是机会，又是挑战。我们已经做了许多基础工作，
同时也帮助中国实施自己的战略。我们将再度投资，向中国引进新的技术。
六
海华（集团）公司是一个集科、工、贸、旅游、娱乐于一体的跨地区、跨行业、跨所

有制的大型集团公司。海华（集团）公司下设研究所、物贸中心、百货商店、房地产开发公
司、娱乐总汇、旅游公司、中澳合资制品有限公司、沪港合资机械有限公司等40余家公司。
拥有资产5亿多元，员工6，000多人，年销售额达18亿元。
海华（集团）公司所属的海华商务旅游公司（简称“海华商旅”）是经国家旅游局批准
的商务旅行社，是经营国际、国内、出入境、票务等旅游业务的专业公司。公司拥有一支国
家认可的英、日、德、法、韩等语种齐全的翻译导游队伍。公司经营管理海华（集团）公司
的票务中心，拥有出租车队和航空售票处，拥有铁路、轮船票务服务站，为国内外宾客提供
便捷服务。
七
投机的成功归根到底取决于别人能否以比你买入时更高的价格买下你手中的股票。每
个投机泡沫就好比一封连锁信，利润是后来入市者提供的。每个人都在预测竞争对手下一步
的意图。在这种情况下，对入市心理变化的关注是至关重要的。
通常，投机者似乎越来越快地忘却自己的痛苦经历。于是我们发现投机狂潮周期性地
出现。人类的本性中肯定存在着某种愚蠢的东西，否则人们就不会千百次地落入同一个陷阱
里。避免这种厄运的唯一方法就是保持一种逆向姿态，走一条逆向心理的道路。当然，这样
做不仅是孤独的，而且还要受到严峻的意志考验。
八
外资企业必须在中国境内设置会计账簿，进行独立核算，按照规定报送会计报表，并
接受财政税务机构的监督。
外资企业依照国家有关的规定纳税并可以享受减税、免税的优惠待遇。外资企业将缴
纳所得税后的利润在中国境内再投资的，可依照国家规定申请退还再投资部分已缴纳的部分
所得税税款。
外国投资者从外资企业获得的合法利润、其他合法收入和清算后的资金，可以汇往国
外。外资企业的外籍职工的工资收入和其他正当收入，依照缴纳个人所得税后，可以汇往国
外。
外资企业终止，应当及时公告，依照法定程序进行清算，并向工商行政管理机关办理
注销登记手续，缴销营业执照。
九
我们要继续实施积极的财政政策，这是当前扩大内需直接而有效的手段。与此同时，
我们要努力发挥货币政策的作用，综合运用多种手段调节经济运行。我们要巩固和完善宏观
公里体制改革的措施，进一步转变政府职能。我们要加快经济结构的战略性调整，优化经济
结构，坚持以市场为导向，依靠科技进步，采取适应社会主义市场经济发展的新机制、新办
法。我们要进一步稳定和加强农业的基础地位，加大工业结构调整力度，大力发展第三产业。
实施西部地区大开发战略，加快中西部地区的发展，是一项系统工程和长期任务，纳兰明珠简介必须统筹
兼顾，突出重点、分步实施。东部地区要继续发挥科技优势，不断提高经济素质和竞争力，
有条件的地方要率先实行现代化。
十
我们必须抓住加入世贸组织的新的机遇，以更为积极的姿态扩大对外开放。我们要继
续实行以质取胜和市场多元化战略，努力扩大出口。一是积极调整出口商品结构，提高高新
技术产品的出口比重。二是积极开拓国际市场，特别要大力拓展非洲、拉美、东欧、独联体
等新兴市场，鼓励有能力的企业到境外投资办厂，继续发展对外承包工程和劳务合作。三是
改革配额管理和招标的办法，优化进口商品结构，增加国内急需的关键设备、技术和重要原
料的进口。
我们要积极有效地利用外资，进一步扩大对外开放的领域和地域。逐步推进商业、外

贸、金融、保险、证券、电信、旅游和中介服务等领域的对外开放。放宽外商投资在技术转
让、内销比例和一些行业持股比例的限制。我们要积极吸引跨国公司来华投资，尤其是对农
业、基础设施、环保产业和高新技术产业的投资。

1
China’s economic achievement has attracted worldwide attention since she adopted the
reform and open-up policy. In the economic system, the past single form of state-owned economy
has developed into a multi-form economy characterized by considerable development in
private-owned economy and foreign-funded enterprises in recent years. With regard to the
state-owned enterprise, the government, instead of directly intervening with its economic activities,
demands that it become the independent legal person that runs the enterprise on its own, assumes
sole responsibility for its profits and losses, exercises self-restraint, and stimulates its own
development. There will be no more subsidization from the state to the enterprise, which is either
to terminate in bankruptcy or to be incorporated by other enterprises with sound management,
when long-term deficits are incurred. Over 90% of commodities and production elements on the
domestic market shall be priced in conformity with the balanced market mechanism of supply and
demand. Hence, on the one hand, China’s economy is featured with Chinese socialist
characteristics; on the other, it is quite in conformity with current international practice of market
economy.

Sino-foreign joint ventures, cooperative businesses and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises in
China

2
I’m not sure if there will be a substantial price drop. You know our products have an
established fame in the world and more importantly, we guarantee the quality of our products
whatsoever. Although some new manufacturers from our surrounding countries and regions may
attract their customers with low prices, our quality guarantee policy plus this latest substantial
price reduction is sure to prevail. To tell you the truth, none of our old customers, including you, I
believe, has ever turned to any other suppliers. On the contrary, we have received orders from
quite a few new customers. Our offer is indeed well grounded.
Honesty is the best policy.

3
The internet industry has been growing at a dizzying pace. According to statistics from China
Internet Network Information Center early this year, the public network covers more than 400
cities, and the number of on-line computers reached 8.2 million, with 22.6 million regular Internet
users and 33,000 web-sites. In two years, China is expected to have the second largest netizen
population in the world, second only to that of the United States.
However, the rapidly developing industry is showing many proble恋上你的床全文阅读 ms in China, most of them
unique to a country that virtually leapt into the information age without sufficient preparation,
such as the problems concerning internet service providers (ISP), internet content providers (ICP)

and e-commerce.
In order to tap the market of 1.3 billion people, the ISPs should improve their service in such
a way that ordinary users will be able to get onto the Net as easily as they switch on household
electrical appliances.
4
With a view to expanding international economic cooperation and technological exchange,
the People’s Republic of China promulgated China’s Joint Venture Law on July 8, 1979, and lat西江月平山堂 er
in August of the same year made an announcement that China would accept equity joint ventures
with foreigners, overseas Chinese and compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao. In April 1988, the
Chinese government again promulgated the Law on Contractual Joint Venture, thus paving a
flexible way for foreign entrepreneurs to make investment in China.
To facilitate contacts between Chinese and foreign entrepreneurs, China International Trust
and Investment Corporation (CITIC) was established on October 4, 1979. This corporation
operates under the direct leadership of the State council of the PRC. Its function is to organize
joint ventures. Through the medium of CITIC, many foreign investors have signed joint venture
agreements with several Chinese enterprises. Foreign firms or enterprises interested in forming
joint venture with Chinese partners may contact CITIC for negotiation. Of course, direct contact
with Ch寄人古诗 i乌衣巷位于什么地方 nese partners is also welcome. Joint venture agreements are subject to examination and
approval by such authorities as the Foreign Investment Commission or its authorized organization.
5
In an era dominated by electronics and telecommunications, we can never emphasize too
much the importance of change. Motorola defines “change” as challenge and opportunities. The
decade has seen Motorola seize the opportunities opened up by changes in China and build itself
into one of the most successful American investors in the country.
With a firm commitment and substantial investment, we promote technological progress in
China. As a result of this / therefore / consequently, Motorola’s brand has become a household
name in China. China is both an opportunity and a challenge. We have laid a lot of groundwork,
and helped China to implement / carry out its own strategy. We will reinvest and bring new
technology into China.
6
Haihua (Group) Corporation is a large cross-regional, cross trade and cross-ownership (group)
corporation which integrates scientific research, manufacturing industry, trade, and tourist and
entertainment services. The 40-odd-member Group consists of a research institute, a materials
trading center, a department store, a real estate development company, an entertainment concourse,
a tourist company, a Sino-Australian jointly-funded textile manufacturing company limited, a
Shanghai-Hong Kong jointly-funded machinery company limited, etc., with the combined capital
assets in the amount of 500 million Yuan, over 6,000 employees and an annual turnover of 1.8
billion Yuan.
Haihua International Business Travel Company, which is subordinate to Haihua (Group)
Corporation, is a business travel agency approved by the Chinese National Tourism
Administration. This is a professional company whose scope of business ranges over international,
domestic, in-and out-bound travel, and ticket-booking services. The company has a contingent of
state-certified professional tourist guides proficient in English, Japanese, German, French, Korean,
and other foreign languages. The company manages the ticket-booking center of Haihua (Group)

Corporation. It has a fleet of taxies, and airline ticket office, and rail and water passenger
transportation ticket service booth, providing convenient and prompt services for overseas and
domestic customers.
7
Success in speculation ultimately/ in the final analysis / in the end depends on / counts on / is
determined by whether there is someone who would be willing to buy your shares at a higher price
than you paid for them. Every speculative bubble resembles a chain letter in that profits are
provided by late entrants to the market. Everyone is attempting to anticipate the immediate
intentions of his competitors. In such circumstances, paying attention to shifts in market
psychology becomes essential.
Usually, speculators appear to forget their painful experiences more and more quickly. Hence
we find the periodical recurrences of speculative booms. There must be a vast fund of stupidity in
human nature, or else men would not be caught, a thousand times over, by the same snare. The
only way to avoid this fate is to maintain a contrarian position, that is, you go against the market
psychology. Of course, that is both lonely and involves a great trial of will.
8
A foreign-capital enterprise must set up account books in China, conduct independent
accounting, submit the accounting statements as required and accept supervision by financial and
tax authorities.
Foreign-capital enterprises shall pay taxes in accordance with relevant State provisions, and
may enjoy preferential treatment for tax reduction or exemption. An enterprise that reinvests its
profits in China after paying income tax may, in accordance with relevant State provisions, apply
for a refund of the portion of the income tax already paid on the reinvested amount.
The foreign investor may remit abroad profits that are lawfully earned from a foreign-capital
enterprise, as well as other lawful earnings and any funds remaining after the enterprise is
liquidated. Foreign employees in a foreign-capital enterprise may remit abroad their wages,
salaries and other legitimate income after the payment of individual income tax in accordance with
the law.
When terminating its operation, a foreign-capital enterprise shall promptly issue a public
notice and proceed with liquidation in accordance with legal procedures. At the termination, the
foreign-capital enterprise shall nullify its registration with the industry and commerce
administration authorities and hand in its business license for cancellation.
9
We will continue to follow a proactive fiscal policy, which is a direct and effective means for
expanding domestic demands at present. Meanwhile, we should give full play to the role of
monetary policy and a variety of other means to regulate the operation of the economy. We will
aim at strengthening and improving measures in reforming the macro-control system and further
shifting the functions of the government. We will accelerate the strategic restructuring of the
economy and optimize the economic structure. These efforts should be market-oriented and
backed up by scientific and technological advances. And therefore, we will adopt new systems and
methods compatible with the development of a socialist market economy. We will further stabilize
and strengthen agriculture as the foundation of the economy, intensify industrial restructuring
efforts, and strive to develop tertiary industry. The implementation of the large-scale development
strategy in west China to speed up the development of the central and western regions is a

long-term systematic engineering project ---- a comprehensive plan that should focus on key areas
and be carried out in a step-by-step manner. The eastern region should continue to bring into play
its scientific and technological advances, constantly improving its economic performance and
competitiveness. In areas where conditions permit, local efforts are encouraged to take the lead in
achieving modernization.
10
We must seize the new opportunities opened up by China’s entry into the World Trade
Organization, and take a more active stance in opening China wider to the outside world. We will
continue to implement the strategy of success through quality and market diversification and spare
no efforts to expand exports. First, we should work actively to adjust the mix of exports and
increase the proportion of high-tech products. Second, we should make every effort to open up
more markets abroad, in particular, the emerging markets in Africa, Latin America, East Europe
and the Commonwealth of Independent States. Strong Chinese enterprises should be encouraged
to make investments and set up factories abroad. Overseas contracted engineering projects and
labor services should be further expanded. Third, quota management and bidding methods should
be improved. The mix of imports should be optimized to increase the imports of urgently needed
key equipment, technology and important materials.
We will utilize foreign funds more effectively. The areas of operation and geographical
regions open to foreign businesses will be expanded. Commerce, foreign trade, banking, insurance,
securities, telecommunications, tourism and intermediary services will gradually be opened to the
outside world. Restrictions will be relaxed on foreign investment pertaining to technology trans崔琰 fer,
the proportion of products to be sold domestically and share of holdings in some industries. We
will work actively to attract investment from transnational corporations, especially their
investment in agriculture, infrastructure development, the environmental protection industry, and
high and new technology industries.