以下是小编为大家准备的背词实例，本文共11篇，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
篇1：背词实例
背词实例
innocent a.无罪,天真的
revenge n.报复,报仇
triumph n.胜利,成功,v.获胜,成功
greasy a.含有油脂的；沾有油脂的
eliminate v.消除,排除,淘汰
inevitable a.不可避免的,必然的
arbitrage n.仲裁,套利,套汇
adulterate v.掺杂,a.掺假的
adolescent n.青少年；a.青春期的
distinguish v.区别、辨别
compartment n.分隔间,卧车包房
appropriate a.(to)适当的
enthusiastic a.热情的,极感兴趣的
carbohydrate n.碳水化合物,糖类
triumph n.胜利,成功,v.获胜,成功
suspect n.疑犯；a.可疑的；v.怀疑
smuggle n.v走私
revenge n.报复,报仇
remnant n.残留物
poverty n.贫穷
perfume n.香水；v.使香
pension n.抚恤金,养老金
garbage n.废料,垃圾
elegant a.优美的,优雅的
costume n.服饰,戏装
condemn v.谴责,判刑
calcium n.钙
blunder n.大错,v.犯错误,慌乱地走
bargain n.交易,便宜货
petition n.v.请愿,祈求
kangaroo n.袋鼠
innocent a.无罪,天真的
dinosaur n.恐龙
ancestor n.祖宗
surrender v.n.放弃,投降
rehearsal n.排练
peninsula n.半岛
mendacity n.虚假
hierarchy n.统治集团
embarrass v.使困窘
ambulance n.救护车
harassment n折磨
chancellor n.大臣
abatement n.减税,打折
mien n.风度
cubic a.立方的，立方体
slaughter n.v.屠杀
affiliate n.附属机构，分公司
assassinate v.暗杀，刺杀
approximate a.大概的，近似的 v.近似
hungry a.饥饿的
material n.材料，原料
fierce a.粗暴的，强烈的
mathematics n.数学
fence n.篱笆；v.击剑，用栅隔开
cubic a.立方的，立方体
candidate n.候选人
cumquat n.金橘
penguin n.企鹅
brink n.(峭岸，崖的)边缘
pant v.n.气喘吁吁
coward n.胆小鬼，懦夫
haunt n.常去之地v.使苦恼，缠绕
drain n.排水管，消耗v.排走，流掉
greasy a.含有油脂的；沾有油脂的
incessant a.不停的,连续的
kerosene n.煤油
篇2：必背考研英语词汇3500词
eacha./pron.各,各自的,每
eagera.(for)渴望的,热切的
eaglen.鹰
earn.耳，耳朵;听力，听觉;穗
earlya.早的,早期的,及早的 ad.早,在初期
earnv.赚得,挣得,获得
earnesta.热心的,诚挚的 n.热心;真挚;定金;认真
earthn.地球;陆地;泥土，土壤;尘世，人间
earthquaken.地震
easev.减轻;使舒适,使安心 n.容易;舒适,悠闲
eastn.东,东方,东部 a.东方的,东部的
Eastern.复活节
easterna.东方的,东部的
easya.容易的，不费力的，安逸的，宽裕的
eatvt.吃，喝 vi.吃饭，吃东西
ebbvi.衰退，减退 n.处于低潮，处于衰退状态
eccentrica.古怪的，怪癖的，异乎寻常的n.古怪的人
echov./n.回声,反响,共鸣
eclipsen.日食,月食
篇3：必背考研英语词汇3500词
dailya.每日的 ad.每日,天天 n.日报
dairyn.牛奶场,奶店
damn.水坝,水闸
damagev./n.损害,毁坏 n.(pl.)损害赔偿费
damnint.该死 vt.遣责;使失败 a.十足的 ad.极
dampn.潮湿 a.潮湿的 vt.使潮湿;使衰减
dancen.舞(蹈);舞曲，舞会 v.跳舞;跳动
dangern.危险;威胁;危险事物
dangerousa.危险的，不安全的
darev.敢,胆敢
darka.黑暗的，深(色)的;隐秘的;n.无光，黑暗
darlingn.心爱的人,亲爱的
dashv./n.冲,猛冲,突进 n.破折号
datan.(datum的复数)资料，数据
databasen.(databank)数据库
daten.日期,年代 v.注明…的日期 n./v.约会
daughtern.女儿
dawnn.黎明,拂晓 v.破晓;开始现出
dayn.天，一昼夜;白昼，白天;时期，时代
daylightn.日光,白昼,黎明
daytimen.白天,日间
dazzlev.使惊奇,使倾斜;耀(眼) n.耀眼的光
篇4：必背考研英语词汇3500词
cabinn.客舱,机舱;小(木)屋
cabinetn.内阁，内阁会议;(带玻璃门存物品的)橱柜
cablen.电报;电缆;缆,索,钢丝绳 v.拍电报
cafen.咖啡馆,(小)餐馆
cafeterian.自助食堂
cagen.鸟笼
caken.饼，糕，蛋糕;扁平的块状物
calciumn.钙(化学符号Ca)
calculatev.计算,推算;计划,打算
calendarn.日历,月历
callvt.叫，喊;打电话 vi.叫;访问 n.叫;号召
calma.(天气,海洋等)静的 n.平静 v.(使)平静
calorien.卡路里(食物所产生的热量或能量单位)
cameln.骆驼
cameran.照相机,摄影机
campn.野营,营地;帐篷,阵营 v.设营,宿营
campaignn.战役;运动
campusn.(大学)校园
canaux.v.能;可以 n.罐头;容器 vt.把…装罐
canaln.运河;(沟)渠
cancelv.取消,把…作废;删去,划掉
cancern.癌
candidaten.候选人,候补者;报考者
candlen.蜡烛
candyn.糖果
cannonn.大炮,火炮
canoen.独木舟,小游艇
canteenn.(工厂、办公室等)食堂或小卖部
篇5：必背考研英语词汇3500词
baitn.饵，引诱物 vt.用饵引诱;折磨，奚落
bakev.烤,烘,焙;烧硬,焙干
balancev.称,(使)平衡 n.天平;平衡,均衡;差额,余款
balconyn.阳台;(电影院等的)楼厅，楼座
babyn.婴儿;年龄最小的人;小动物 a.婴儿似的
bachelorn.单身汉;(亦作B-)学士(学位)
backa.后面的 ad.向后 v.倒退;支持 n.背;后面
backgroundn.背景,经历;幕后
backwarda.向后的,倒行的;迟钝的 ad.向后,朝反方向
baconn.咸猪肉,熏猪肉
bacteriumn.(pl.)bacteria 细菌
bada.坏的;低劣的;不舒服的;腐败的;严重的
badgen.徽章,像章;标记;象征;记号
badlyad.非常，严重地;坏地，差地，拙劣地
badmintonn.羽毛球
bagn.袋，提包 v.把…装入袋中;猎杀;占有
balda.秃的,秃头的
balln.球(状物);(正式的)舞会vt.把…捏成球状
balletn.芭蕾舞，芭蕾舞剧;芭蕾舞团
balloonn.气球,飞船;a.气球状的 v.乘坐气球;膨胀
ballotn.(不记名)投票;投票总数;投票权 vi.投票
banv.取缔,查禁;(from)禁止 n.禁止,禁令
bananan.香蕉
bandn.条,带;乐队;波段;一群,一伙 v.缚,绑扎
bandagen.绷带 v.用绷带扎缚
bangn.砰砰的声音;猛击 v.砰地关上,猛撞,猛击
bankn.银行;岸,堤;vi.存入(经营)银行;信赖
bankrupta.破产的;彻底缺乏的 vt.使破产n.破产者
bannern.旗(帜)
banquetn.(正式的)宴会 vi.参加宴会 vt.宴情
barn.条,杆,闩;酒吧;栅,障碍(物) v.闩上,阻拦
barbecuen.烤肉;烤肉用的台架 vt.炙烤(肉等)
barbern.理发师
barea.赤裸的,空的;稀少的,仅有的 v.露出,暴露
barelyad.赤裸裸地,无遮蔽地;仅仅,勉强,几乎没有
bargainn.廉价货;交易,契约,合同 v.议价,成交
barkvi.(狗等)吠，叫n.吠声，叫声;树皮
barnn.谷仓,仓库
篇6：考研英语冲刺词汇背词
考研英语冲刺词汇背词
进入每年的十一二月份，准备考研的同学的复习时间越来越紧张，考试压力也越来越大。如何在最后这几个月里高效率、低成本地准备考研英语，是每个同学需要迫切解决的问题，同学们要知道不同阶段的英语复习策略不相同！那么如何在考研冲刺期间，将英语成绩有较好的提高呢？跨考教育建议大家在冲刺阶段做好如下四项工作。
1、紧抓复习词汇
目前，考研英语只考查考生对书面英语的理解和创作。在对书面英语的理解过程中，词汇可以说是基石。有的同学可能会有这样的疑问：我在前一段的复习过程中单词已经背得差不多了，现在再复习单词是不是有点浪费时间但是大家要记住背会的单词如果没有及时巩固，就会模糊不清甚至忘记了。但是词汇那么多，怎么会记得过来？在这里可以告诉同学们一个方法就是去重点巩固旧单词，在时间紧迫的情况下，考生完全可以放弃那些生僻的，忘记了的或者没背过的单词，腾出时间背真题中的单词、常用的、模糊的单词，增加记忆效果。
2、多做历年真题
与其去押题，不如去多做几套历年的真题，历年考研真题确实值得大家一做。如果考生在准备考试的时候只是把这些真题作为复习最后阶段自测水平的工具，那么实在是有点浪费资源了。跨考教育建议，对真题的把握大家不应停留在搞懂题目及基本的出题思路，而且还应该更进一步，把历年真题作为系统提高自己读写能力的范文范本，做到真题中的单词熟练掌握、长难句熟练拆分、经典句型随意模仿。只有这样，才能从根本上解决英语复习中的语言能力问题
3、阅读很重要
做阅读题时会涉及到词汇量的多少，语法知识的强弱，阅读速度的快慢，阅读准确度的高低，语感的强弱等这些能力无法在短短的一两个月内有较大的改变。但是，可以通过减少失误，提高解题技巧等提高分值。做题时考生很容易因为考虑不周全丢分，这是要不得，只有平时注意了，考场上才不会犯类似错误。英语不需要读完全文，不需要理解文章中的每一句话，所以根据题目，有选择性阅读既可以节省时间，又提高准确性。
4、重视作文
每年的作是分值较高的，而写作能力是可以在一定时间内提高的，所以同学们在这阶段一定要重视作文的练习，大家可以选择的一个途径就是背诵范文，当然背诵的范围要根据往年的'考研作文而定，但是不强调死记硬背，大家要活学活用，当然我们背诵的目的是为了写，所以同学们在平时一定也要多些，，注重单词的拼写，语法的运用，语句的连贯等。
在最后的冲刺阶段，良好的学习心态和饱满的学习热情是成功的前提，而科学的学习方法是成功的关键。只要大家有恒心，就一定能冲破复习中黎明前的黑暗，迎来考研的最后胜利。
篇7：考研必背英语词汇5500词
dailya.每日的 ad.每日,天天 n.日报
dairyn.牛奶场,奶店
damn.水坝,水闸
damagev./n.损害,毁坏 n.(pl.)损害赔偿费
damnint.该死 vt.遣责;使失败 a.十足的 ad.极
dampn.潮湿 a.潮湿的 vt.使潮湿;使衰减
dancen.舞(蹈);舞曲，舞会 v.跳舞;跳动
dangern.危险;威胁;危险事物
dangerousa.危险的，不安全的
darev.敢,胆敢
darka.黑暗的，深(色)的;隐秘的;n.无光，黑暗
darlingn.心爱的人,亲爱的
dashv./n.冲,猛冲,突进 n.破折号
datan.(datum的复数)资料，数据
databasen.(databank)数据库
daten.日期,年代 v.注明…的日期 n./v.约会
daughtern.女儿
dawnn.黎明,拂晓 v.破晓;开始现出
dayn.天，一昼夜;白昼，白天;时期，时代
daylightn.日光,白昼,黎明
daytimen.白天,日间
dazzlev.使惊奇,使倾斜;耀(眼) n.耀眼的光
deada.死的;无生命的;死气沉沉的 ad.完全地
deadlinen.最后期限
deadlya.致命的;势不两立的; 极度的;必定的
deafa.聋的;不愿听的
dealv.处理;做买卖,经营;分配;对待 n.交易
dealern.商人
deann.(大学)院长;主持牧师; (基督 教)教长
deara.昂贵的;亲爱的;珍贵的 int.呵!哎呀!
deathn.死，死亡;灭亡，毁灭，死因
debatev./n.争论,辩论
篇8：考研必背英语词汇5500词
eacha./pron.各,各自的,每
eagera.(for)渴望的,热切的
eaglen.鹰
earn.耳，耳朵;听力，听觉;穗
earlya.早的,早期的,及早的 ad.早,在初期
earnv.赚得,挣得,获得
earnesta.热心的,诚挚的 n.热心;真挚;定金;认真
earthn.地球;陆地;泥土，土壤;尘世，人间
earthquaken.地震
easev.减轻;使舒适,使安心 n.容易;舒适,悠闲
eastn.东,东方,东部 a.东方的,东部的
Eastern.复活节
easterna.东方的,东部的
easya.容易的，不费力的，安逸的，宽裕的
eatvt.吃，喝 vi.吃饭，吃东西
ebbvi.衰退，减退 n.处于低潮，处于衰退状态
eccentrica.古怪的，怪癖的，异乎寻常的n.古怪的人
echov./n.回声,反响,共鸣
eclipsen.日食,月食
ecologyn.生态学
economica.经济(上)的,经济学的
economicala.节约的,经济的
economicsn.经济学,经济情况
economyn.节约;经济
edgen.边,棱;刀口,刃 v.侧身移动,挤进
ediblea.可食用的
editv.编辑,校订
editionn.版,版本,版次
editorn.编辑,编者
editorialn.社论 a.社论的;编辑上的
educatev.教育,培养,训练
educationn.教育,培养,训练
effectn.结果;效果;影响;印象 vt.招致;实现;达到
effectivea.有效的,生效的;被实施的;给人深刻印象
efficiencyn.效率;功效
efficienta.有效的,效率高的;有能力的,能胜任的
effortn.努力;成就;艰难的尝试
eggn.蛋; 卵; 卵形物
egon.自我，自负，利已主义;(心理学)自我意识
eightnum.八 pron.八(个，只...)
eighteennum.十八，十八个
eightynum./a.八十 pron.八十(个，只...)
eitherad.也(不) pron.两者之一 a.(两者中)任一的
ejectv.喷射,排出;驱逐
elaboratev./a.精心制作(的);详细阐述(的)
elapsevi.(时间)溜走;(光阴)逝去
elastica.弹性的 n.松紧带,橡皮圈
elbown.肘，(衣服的)肘部vt.用肘推，用肘挤
篇9：小学生必背古诗凉州词
小学生必背古诗凉州词
凉州词
葡萄美酒夜光杯，欲饮琵琶马上催。
醉卧沙场君莫笑，古来征战几人回。
注释
夜光杯：一种白玉制成的杯子。
译文
新酿成的葡萄美酒，盛满夜光杯；
正想开怀畅饮，马上琵琶声频催。
即使醉倒沙场，请诸君不要见笑；
自古男儿出征，有几人活着归回？
赏析
诗是咏边寒情景之名曲。全诗写艰苦荒凉的边塞的一次盛宴，描摹了征人们开怀痛饮、尽情酣醉的场面。首句用语绚丽优美，音调清越悦耳，显出盛宴的豪华气派；一句用“欲饮”两字，进一层极写热烈场面，酒宴外加音乐，着意渲染气氛。三、四句极写征人互相斟酌劝饮，尽情尽致，乐而忘忧，豪放旷达。这两句，蘅塘退士评曰：“作旷达语，倍觉悲痛。”历来评注家也都以为悲凉感伤，厌恶征战。清代施补华的《岘佣说诗》评说：“作悲伤语读便浅，作谐谑语读便妙。在学人领悟。”从内容看，无厌恶戎马生涯之语，无哀叹生命不保之意，无非难征战痛苦之情，谓是悲凉感伤，似乎勉强。施补华的话有其深度。千古名绝，众论殊多，见仁见智，学人自悟。
赏析二：
王翰的《凉州词》是一首曾经打动过无数热血男儿的千古绝唱，不少人以此诗来作为自己人生方向的指导。
“葡萄美酒夜光杯”，在唐代这个“无人不饮酒、无人无好酒”的朝代，琳琅满目的美酒，鼓乐齐鸣的筵席，开篇一句便点出了这是一个豪情畅饮的欢聚氛围，为全诗定下了兴奋昂扬的感情基调。
“欲饮琵琶马上催”此句一直以来存在着两种解读，一种是说正在大家准备畅饮之时，乐队也奏起了琵琶，更增添了欢快的气氛。意在渲染一种欢快宴饮的场面。还有一种说法，是说此时作战的号角声响起，意在突出沉重、悲凉、感伤的氛围。
“醉卧沙场君莫笑，古来征战几人回？”喝醉睡躺在沙场上，朋友您别取笑我。自古以来出征打仗有几个人能安全归故乡呢？清代诗人施补华说这两句诗：“作悲伤语读便浅，作谐谑语读便妙，在学人领悟。”（《岘佣说诗》）
“醉卧沙场君莫笑，古来征战几人回？”生活难免失意，但永远别失去骨子里那份潇洒。就像电影《美丽人生》那样，就算在最艰难最绝望的日子里，就算岌岌可危，死亡近在眼前，也可以用勇气与智慧去照亮你想照亮的人，成为你想成为的自己。
王翰
王翰（公元687年~726年），字子羽，并州晋阳（今山西太原市）人，唐代边塞诗人。与王昌龄同时期，王翰这样一个有才气的诗人，其集不传。其诗载于《全唐诗》的，仅有14首。登进士第，举直言极谏，调昌乐尉。复举超拔群类，召为秘书正字。擢通事舍人、驾部员外。出为汝州长史，改仙州别驾。
篇10：托福阅读猜词技巧实例解析
1、根据同义、反义关系猜词
Today' s teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their _______ grandparents.
A. freethinking B. traditional C. old D. happy traditional与liberal意思相反，故选B。
2、根据句意或段落文章的上、下文猜测词义
Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge against those who disliked playing
together with them or laughed at them.
A. discouraged B. ashamed C. tired D. separated
根据下文的disliked playing together with them判断此处应为“感到孤立”，故选D。
篇11：托福阅读猜词技巧实例解析
1.前后缀
英语中的前缀、后缀构词颇多，且特定的缀往往表示特定的含义，把握住这一点，可起到以不变应万变的效果。
1)He had been overworking and fell ill at last.
overwork是由前缀over-加动词构成，over有“超过、过于”之意，overwork意思是“工作过多，劳累过度”。再如，overburden负担过重，overcharge要价过高，overdo做得过分。英语中常用的前缀还有：
mis-错，误：misfortune不幸;mislead误导;mismanage处理不当
mid-中央：midnight半夜;midway半路
under-低于：underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估
anti-反对：antibody抗体;anticyclone反气旋;antifreeze防冻剂
下面划线单词为常见后缀派生词：
1)You must stop dreaming and face reality.(-ty为名词的标志)
2)The country is trying to popularize education. (-ize为及物动词的标志，再如realize, modernize)
2.合成词
Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, and everyone partakes in for fun.
根据短语构成及上下文意思看，此处partakes in相当于takes part in。再如break out-outbreak(名词爆发)，set out-outset(名词起始)，come in-income(名词收入) 。
上文中通过实例为大家讲解了托福词汇的猜词方法，如果大家在做阅读的时候遇到影响理解的生词可以结合语境猜测词义，也可以通过构词法来猜测。
托福阅读素材：世上最糟糕的感觉是什么
What is the worst feeling in the world?
世界上最糟糕的感觉是什么?
来自Quora网友的总结：
Discrimination：
歧视
Being judged on the basis of physical appearance and not on talent.
人们总是根据外貌而不是能力来判断一个人。
Close relationships：
亲密的关系
Death of a daughter in accident and coming home with one less child.
女儿因事故过世，回家的时候少了一个孩子。
To see your mother/father cry
看着父亲或者母亲哭泣
See my mother beg and cry to the administrators at my little brother's school.
看见我妈在我弟学校哭着求教务主任。
Letting your parents down.
让你的父母失望
Seeing two of your best friends breaking up. And then one of them stops talking with you because you are not willing to break contact with the other person.
看着你最好的两个朋友闹掰了。其中一个因为你不愿意跟另一个断绝来往而不理你了。
Watching someone you love suffer and being unable to help.
看着你爱的人受苦却无能为力。
The feeling you get when you have realized you married the wrong person.
当你发现你跟一个错的人结了婚的时候的那种感觉。
Seeing your child in pain and knowing there is nothing you can do to fix it.
看着你孩子受苦，却什么都做不了。
Knowing you've hurt someone else and cannot undo the pain you've caused.
知道你伤害了别人，但却无法弥补。
Feeling like everyone you know and love would be better off without you.
你感觉到即使没有你，你认识的人或者你爱的人也能活得更好。
Career:
工作
To fail in something you thought you were good at.
搞砸了你明明很擅长的事。
The feeling you experience when you fail miserably even after putting your best foot forward
全力以赴之后仍旧可悲地失败了的感觉。
When you know all your close friends advancing in their fields while you are trying to figure out whether you are on the right path
看着你所有的亲近的好朋友都在各自的领域有所发展，你还在思考自己是不是走错了路。
Chains of Failure. Breaking all hopes on you down. Shame caused by it is the worst feeling might push a person to death
一连串的失败，所有的希望都破灭了，羞耻心是最糟糕的感觉，它能把一个人推向地狱。
Romantic relationship：
恋爱关系
Being forgotten by someone you could never forget.
你铭记于心的人将你遗忘。
When a person who you are romantically in love with is now in love with someone else.
你爱的人爱上了别人。
Others:
其他：
Getting older
老了
The feeling of being left out. . Being ignored.
被别人遗忘的感觉。
Helplessness (being trapped in a situation)
无助(陷入了困境里)
Hopelessness
绝望
托福阅读素材：亚投行AIIB是如何产生的
To the alphabet soup of international development banks (ADB, AfDB, CAF, EBRD, IADB), add one more set of initials: AIIB, or for the uninitiated, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. On October 24th, representatives from 21 Asian nations signed an agreement to establish the AIIB, which, as its name suggests, will lend money to build roads, mobile phone towers and other forms of infrastructure in poorer parts of Asia. China spearheaded the bank and hopes to formally launch it by the end of next year.
国际发展银行的字母组合中又多了一种：AIIB，对不熟悉这个行业的人来说，它的全称是亚洲基础设施投资银行。2014年10月24日，21个亚洲国家的代表签署协议创办亚投行。正如它的名称所述，亚投行将为亚洲不发达国家和地区的道路、移动电话信号发射塔等基础设施建设提供贷款。作为亚投行的领导者，中国希望它能在明年年底前正式投入运营。
More money for critical projects might seem unambiguously good, but the AIIB has stoked controversy because Asia already has a multilateral lender, the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Why is China creating a new development bank for Asia?
重要项目获得更多的资金看起来无疑是件好事，但亚投行引发的争议在于，亚洲已经存在一个多边贷款机构亚洲发展银行(简称ADB)了，为什么中国要为亚洲再创建一个新的发展银行?
China’s official answer is that Asia has a massive infrastructure funding gap. The ADB has pegged the hole at some $8 trillion between 2010 and 2020. Existing institutions cannot hope to fill it: the ADB has a capital base (money both paid-in and pledged by member nations) of just over $160 billion and the World Bank has $223 billion. The AIIB will start with $50 billion in capital — hardly enough for what is needed but still a helpful boost.
中国的官方回答是亚洲存在巨大的基础设施资金缺口。亚洲发展银行认为，2010年至2020年间亚洲有8万亿美元左右的融资需求。现有机构均无法满足这一需求：亚洲发展银行的资本金额为1600亿美元，世界银行为2230亿美元。初始资本500亿美元的亚投行虽然仍不足以满足需求，却至少颇有助益。
Moreover, while ADB and World Bank loans support everything from environmental protection to gender equality, the AIIB will concentrate its firepower on infrastructure. Officially at least, ADB and World Bank officials have extended a cautious welcome to the new China-led bank, saying they see room for collaboration.
更重要的是，亚洲发展银行和世界银行的贷款用来支持包括从环境保护到男女平等之类的各种项目，而亚投行则专注于基础设施建设。至少在官方场合，亚洲发展银行和世界银行都对中国领导的亚投行表示了谨慎的欢迎，认为彼此有合作空间。
Behind the scenes, though, the Chinese initiative has set off a heated diplomatic battle. America has lobbied allies not to join the AIIB, while Jin Liqun, the Chinese official who will head the bank, has shuttled between countries to persuade them to sign up. At the bank’s inauguration ceremony, Australia, Indonesia and South Korea were conspicuously absent.
尽管如此，中国已经在幕后开展了一场激烈的外交战役。美国游说盟友们不要加入亚投行，而预定的亚投行行长，中国官员金立群，则往返各国劝说它们加入。在亚投行的开幕式上，澳大利亚、印尼和韩国的缺席十分显眼。
In public, the concern cited by America and some of the hold-outs has been a lack of clarity about AIIB’s governance. Critics warn that the China-led bank may fail to live up to the environmental, labour and procurement standards that are essential to the mission of development lenders. However, China has insisted that AIIB will be rigorous in adopting the best practices of institutions such as the World Bank. Given that the bank will be placed under such a close microscope, there is good reason to believe China on this.
在公开场合，美国和一些拒绝加入的国家对亚投行不透明的监管表示质疑。批评认为，亚投行可能无法达到发展银行自身使命必需的环境、劳工和采购标准。但中国坚持亚投行将严格遵守世界银行等机构的优秀惯例。既然亚投行会被放在显微镜下仔细审查，中国方面的说法还是比较可信的。
But the real, unstated tension stems from a deeper shift: China will use the new bank to expand its influence at the expense of America and Japan, Asia's established powers. China’s decision to fund a new multilateral bank rather than give more to existing ones reflects its exasperation with the glacial pace of global economic governance reform. The same motivation lies behind the New Development Bank established by the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). Although China is the biggest economy in Asia, the ADB is dominated by Japan; Japan’s voting share is more than twice China’s and the bank’s president has always been Japanese. Reforms to give China a little more say at the International Monetary Fund have been delayed for years, and even if they go through America will still retain far more power. China is, understandably, impatient for change. It is therefore taking matters into its own hands.
事实上，这种难以宣之于口的紧张是由于更深层次的变化所导致的：中国将利用这个新银行扩大其影响力;而亚洲的现有势力，美国和日本，则会此消彼长。中国决定投资一家新的多边银行，而不是向现有的亚洲发展银行投入更多资金。这表明它对改变世界经济统治的缓慢速度感到不满。金砖五国成立的新发展银行背后同样隐藏着这一动机。虽然中国是亚洲最大的经济体，但日本才是亚洲发展银行的主导者。它的投票权超过中国的2倍，亚洲发展银行行长一直以来都是日本人。在国际货币基金组织，能使中国获得稍多话语权的改革已被搁置多年。就算改革通过，美国仍然拥有多得多的权利。因此，中国对于改变缺乏耐心也就不难理解。它想要自己掌控事情进展。
托福阅读素材：如何帮助一个应届生找到工作
You probably know someone who's graduating from college this year. And what would Amazon or Pinterest suggest you give this brave soul who's walking over coals to the hellish world of job searching? A pen. (A nice pen, but a pen.) Or a mug with an inspirational quote printed on it. Or a business card holder.
You know what would be more helpful than those gifts? A job. Preferably a job with a desk, where this graduate can use her pen, drink from her mug and store her business cards.
Luckily, you – yes, you – can help give that greatest gift of all. Here's how to help a newbie job seeker land a job:
1. Start by looking within your company. Don't see any entry-level jobs listed for your company? That may be because those positions often go unlisted and are filled by internal referrals, says Brian Krueger, founder and CEO of CollegeGrad, an entry-level job search site, and author of “The College Grad Job Hunter.” That's where you come in, passing the job seeker's résumé to your human resources department. “If they're a good person for your company, go ahead and refer them internally,” he says. “And you may make a nice little employee referral bonus for making that connection.”
Even if there isn't an open and relevant position available for your contact right now, this referral may help both the recent grad and HR department in the future. Keep in mind that entry-level positions often have high turnover, Krueger says. And consider how larger companies sometimes hire numerous entry-level employees at once, and how usually a few of them will back out of the program just before it begins, he adds. Where do you think the HR team will turn in those situations, when they've got to do some speedy hiring? “If you've got an employee referral sitting there, waiting, that person may be given first consideration and very little competition for that entry-level position if and when it comes up,” Krueger says.
2. Reach out to your network. Share the job seeker's résumé with folks outside your company, too. If there's not much crossover between what you do and what the new grad wants to do, remember: “You may have other connections outside of your job type and industry,” Krueger says. Is there anyone in your book club or yoga class who could help? What about neighbors or family members? Shoot them the résumé, and encourage them to pass it along to whomever may be interested.
In fact, that's where things get interesting. “It's not necessarily who you know, it's who they know,” Krueger says. Maybe there's not much cooking among your connections or even your connections' connections. But the more folks forward the referral, the more eyes (and potential employers) will see it. “Networking is a numbers game,” Krueger says, and it's in those third-level contacts and beyond “where the numbers explode.”
Even as the number of professionals who see the résumé grows exponentially, the fact that the process began as a firsthand referral keeps it personal – unlike if the new grad blindly applied to a job online. Krueger says this method is particularly helpful for finding roles in small companies that have few, unadvertised openings. When companies want to fill those positions, “they're looking at that internal pipeline of people they already know,” he says.
3. Invite the grad to shadow you. “Shadowing is a very classic way of mentoring and helping people,” says Dan Schawbel, career and millennial expert and author of “Promote Yourself: The New Rules for Career Success.” After getting permission from your company, “get this student or recent graduate to come in, and show them firsthand what it’s like to work in an office environment in your profession or industry.”
Schawbel points out that shadowing may help the grad determine what he or she wants – or doesn't want – to do. (Those 9 a.m. conference calls aren't very fun, are they?)
To assure the day goes smoothly for both the shadower and the shadowee, check out these four tipsoutlined by Monster.
4. Help with mock interviews. “We train [students] to read things, know things and take the test,” Krueger says. “You can't read interview questions, know the answer and go to the interview. You actually have to practice.” Here's where you, a list of common interview questions and your phone's video feature come in. And you don't have to be a career expert to be helpful.
“All you're doing is asking them the questions and giving them the opportunity to respond,” he says. “The best part of the mock interview is not necessarily your feedback, but the opportunity to see themselves answering interview questions [and] getting that practice to actually do it.”
5. Be a coach. Again, no expertise necessary. “Sometimes the hardest part of job searching is getting started and making that your full-time job until you get a full-time job,” he says. And you can help keep the grad motivated.
Krueger suggests simply listening to the job seeker's plans and goals for the week – say, reaching out to 30 companies and securing three interviews –and then checking in on how they played out. If applicable, talk about how you can help tweak the strategy. For example, if the job seeker contacted those 30 companies and got no bites, brainstorm more effective ways to communicate with potential employers.
“That's different than Mom and Dad saying, 'Do you have a job yet?,'” Krueger says, because you're holding the grad accountable for her own goals. You're just giving a nudge – which is more useful than a pen.
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