下面是小编为大家整理的职称英语综合类学习资料阅读判断练习，本文共6篇，欢迎阅读与收藏。
篇1：职称英语综合类学习资料阅读判断练习
As many as 20% of all children in the United Stated suffer from some form of the learning disorder called dyslexia.
Experts on dyslexia say that the problem is not a disease. They say that persons with dyslexia use information in a different way. One of the worlds great thinkers and scientists Albert Einstein was dyslexic. Einstein said that he never thought in words the way that most people do. He said that he thought in pictures instead. The American inventor Thomas Edison was also dyslexic. Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 years ago. Many years passed before doctors discovered that persons with the disorder were not mentally slow or disabled. The doctors found that the brains of persons with dyslexia are different. In most people, the left side of the brain-the part that controls language-is larger than the right side. In persons with dyslexia, the right side of the brain is bigger. Doctors are not sure what causes this difference. However, research has shown that dyslexia is more common in males than in females, and it is found more often in persons who are left-handed. No one knows the cause of dyslexia, but some scientists believe that it may result from chemical changes in a babys body long before it is born. They are trying to find ways to teach persons with dyslexia. Dyslexic persons think differently and need special kinds of teaching help. After they have solved their problems with language, they often show themselves to be especially intelligent or creative.
1.职称英语综合类学习资料阅读判断练习1
2.职称英语综合类学习资料阅读判断练习6
3.职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习12
4.职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习7
5.职称英语综合类学习资料词汇选项练习2
6.职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习8
7.职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习2
8.职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习5
9.职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习19
10.职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习11
篇2：职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习12
PASSAGE 24
The National Park Service
?America#39;s national parks are like old friends. You may not see them for years at a time, but just knowing they#39;re out there makes you feel better. Hearing the names of these famous old friends -Yosemite, Yellowstone, Grand Canyon -revives memories of visits past and promotes dreams of those still to come.
From Acadia to Zion, 369 national parks are part of a continually evolving system. Ancient fossil beds, Revolutionary War battlefields, magnificent mountain ranges, and monuments to heroic men and women who molded this country are all a part of our National Park System (NPS). The care and preservation for future generations of these special places is entrusted to the National Park Service. Uniformed Rangers, the most visible representatives of the Service, not only offer park visitors a friendly wave, a helpful answer, or a thought-provoking history lesson, but also are skilled rescuers, firefighters, and dedicated resource protection professionals. The National Park Service ranks also include architects, historians, archaeologists, biologists, and a host of other experts who preserve and protect everything from George Washington#39;s teeth to Thomas Edison#39;s wax recording.
Modern society has brought the National Park Service both massive challenges and enormous opportunities. Satellite and computer technologies are expanding the educational possibilities of a national park beyond its physical boundaries. Cities struggling to revive their urban cores are turning to the Park Service for expert assistance to preserve their cultural heritage, thirsty for recreational outlets are also working with the NPS to turn abandoned railroad tracks into bike and hiking trails, as well as giving unused federal property new life as recreation centers.
To help meet these challenges and take advantage of these opportunities, the National Park Service had formed partnerships - some dating back 100 years, some only months old - with other agencies, state and local governments, corporations, American Indian tribes and Alaska Natives, Park Friends groups, cooperating associations, private organizations, community groups and individuals who share the National Park ethic.
National Park Week is a celebration of these partnerships.
1. Why are America#39;s national parks like old friends?
A) Because they are always out there.
B) Because they are very old.
C) Because they make people feel better.
D) Because they are very famous.
2. Which of the following statements is true about uniformed rangers?
A) They take tourists to national parks.
B) They always act as tourist guides.
C) They help set up new national parks.
D) They protect the National Park System.
3. The National Park Service does all the following EXCEPT
A) offering help to visitors
B) molding the Nation.
C) keeping people better informed of the National Park System.
D) helping preserve the cultural heritage.
4. What is this passage about?
A) It is about the American National Parks.
B) It is about the National Park Service.
C) It is about the National Park Service partnerships.
D) It is about the care and preservation of the National Parks in America.
5. What will the paragraph following this passage most probably discuss?
A) The pocket parks in America,
B) The preparations made for the celebration of National Park Week 1996.
C) The work that has been done by the partners.
D) The preservation of national resources in America.
KEYS:ADBBC
PASSAGE 25
Tipping
?In any countries there is a fixed charge for personal services. A certain percentage may be added to the hill at a hotel or restaurant “for the service”. In other places the customer may be expected to give a tip, or a small amount of money, as a sign of appreciation whenever services are performed. In the United States there is no consistent practice in regard to tipping. The custom is more common in a large city than in a small town. A native American may often be in doubt about when and how much to tip when he is in a city that is strange to him. In general, however, a tip is expected by the porter who carries your baggage, by taxi drivers (except, perhaps, in small town), and by those who serve you in hotels and restaurants.
When you pick up your incoming luggage at an airport, you may tip the man who takes it to the taxi or airport bus. He usually expects 35cents a bag for his service. In come cities the taxi that take you to your hotel may have one meter that shows the cost of the trip and another that shows a fixed charge, usually about 20 cents, for “extra”. In some cities the taxi driver may expect a tip in addition to the “extra”, especially if he carries your suitcase. If no “extra” is charged, a tip is usually given. Hotels generally do not make a service charge, though there are places where one is added. It is customary, however, to give something to the porter who carries your suitcases and shows you to your room. In case of doubt, 35 cents for each bag he carries is satisfactory. In a restaurant you generally leave about 15 percent of the bill in small change on that table as a tip for the person who has serves you. A service charge is generally not included except in some of the larger, more expensive places. If the order is small - a cup of coffee at a lunch counter, or something of the sort - a tip is not usually expected.
1. According to the passage, the practice of giving tips
A) is consistent throughout the world.
B) varies from place to place in the USA.
C) is consistent in large towns in the USA.
D) is consistent in small towns in the USA.
2. According to the passage, the following are the people one may tip EXCEPT
A) porters.
B) taxi drivers.
C) waiters.
D) cleaners.
3. According to the passage, which of the following is INCORRECT?
A) “Extra” is a fixed charge in some cities.
B) “Extra” is similar to a tip in some cases.
C) If the “extra” is paid, one doesn#39;t tip and more.
D) Some hotels require people to pay a service charge.
4. According to the passage, the amount of money for a tip
A) is the same across restaurants and hotels.
B) depends on how much one pays for his meal.
C) generally varies according to the size of one#39;s bag in hotel.
D) is usually small for a cup of coffee at a lunch counter.
5. From the passage we learn that
A) Americans sometimes are not sure how to tip.
B) people in large towns know more about tipping.
C) one has to tip no matter how big or small the order is.
D) people sometimes don#39;t tip when they are not satisfied.
KEYS:BDCBA
篇3：职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习20
PASSAGE 47
Food Fright
?Experiments under way in several labs aim to create beneficial types of genetically modified (GM) foods, including starchier potatoes and caffeine-free coffee beans. Genetic engineers are even trying to transfer genes from a cold-winter fish to make a frost-resistant tomato.
A low-sugar GM strawberry now in the works might one day allow people with health problems such as diabetes to enjoy the little delicious red fruits again. GM beans and grains supercharged with protein might help people at risk of developing kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor, a disease caused by severe lack of protein, is common in parts of the world where there are severe food shortages.
Commenting on GM foods, Jonathon Jones, a British researcher, said: “The future benefits will be enormous, and the best is yet to come”.
To some people, GM foods are no different from unmodified foods. “A tomato is a tomato,” said Brian Sansoni, an American food manufacturer.
Critics of GM foods challenge Sansoni#39;s opinion. They worry about the harm that GM crops might do to people, other animals, and plants.
In a recent lab study conducted at Cornell University, scientists tested pollen made by Bt corn, which makes up one-fourth of the U.S. corn crop. The scientist sprinkled the pollen onto milkweed, a plant that makes a milky juice and is the only known food source of the monarch butterfly caterpillar. Within four days of munching on the milkweed leaves, almost half of a test group of caterpillars had died. “Monarchs are considered to be a flagship species for conservation.” said Cornell researcher Linda Raynor. “This is a warning bell.”
Some insects that are not killed by GM foods might find themselves made stronger. How so? The insecticides used to protect most of today#39;s crops are sprayed on the crops when needed and decay quickly in the environment. But GM plants produce a continuous level of insecticide. Insect species feeding on those crops may develop resistance to the plants and could do so in a hurry, say the critics. Insects may also develop a resistance to the insecticide Bt.
At the forum on GM food held last year in Canada. GM crops that have been made resistant to the herbicide might crossbreed with wild plants, creating “superweeds” that could take over whole fields.
So where do you stand? Should GM food be banned in the United States, as they are in parts of Europe? Or do their benefits outweigh any of the risks they might carry?
1. Paragraphs 1,2&3 tries to give the idea that
A) GM foods may bring about great benefits to humans.
B) We cannot recognize the benefits of GM foods too early.
C) GM foods may have both benefits and harm.
D) GM foods are particularly good to the kwashiorkor patients.
2. Why is the case of the pollen-sprayed milkweed citied in Paragraph 6?
A) It is cited to show GM foods can kill insects effectively.
B) It is cited to show GM foods contain more protein.
C) It is cited to show GM foods also have a dark side.
D) It is cited to show GM foods may harm crops.
3. What happens to those insects when not killed by the spray of insecticide?
A) They may lose their ability to produce offspring.
B) They may have a higher ability to adapt to the environment.
C) They move to other fields free from insecticide.
D) They never eat again those plants containing insecticide.
4. Which of the following statements concerning banning GM foods is true according to the passage?
A) Underdeveloped countries have banned GM foods.
B) Both Europe and the U.S. have banned GM foods.
C) Most European countries have not banned GM foods.
D) The United States has not banned GM foods.
5. What is the writer#39;s attitude to GM foods?
A) We cannot tell from the passage.
B) He thinks their benefits outweigh their risks.
C) He thinks their risks outweigh their benefits.
D) He thinks their benefits and risks are balanced.
Key: ACBDA
PASSAGE 48
Diabetes
?Most of the food we eat is turned into glucose for our bodies to use for energy. The pancreas, an organ near the stomach, makes a hormone called insulin to help glucose get into your body cells. When you have diabetes, your body either doesn#39;t make enough insulin or can#39;t use its own insulin well. This problem causes glucose to build up in your blood.
You may recall having some of these signs before you found out you had diabetes.
*Being very thirsty.
*Urinating a lot - often at night
*Having unclear vision from time to time.
*Felling very tired much of the time.
*Losing weight without trying.
*Having very dry skin.
*Having sores that are slow to heal.
*Getting more infections than usual.
*Vomiting.
Two main types of diabetes are Type 1 and Type 2. Another type of diabetes appears during pregnancy in some women. It#39;s called gestational diabetes.
One out of ten people with diabetes#39; has Type 1 diabetes. These people usually find out they have diabetes when they are children or young adults. The pancreas of a person with Type 1 makes little or no insulin. People with Type 1 diabetes must inject insulin every day to live.
Most people with diabetes have Type 2 diabetes. The pancreas of people with such diabetes keeps making insulin for some time, but the body can#39;t use it well. Most people with Type 2 find out about their diabetes after age 30 or 40.
Some risk factors which make people more likely to get Type 2 diabetes are:
* A family history of diabetes.
* Lack of exercise.
* Weighing too much.
Diabetes can hurt your eyes, your kidneys, and your nerves. It can lead to problems with the blood circulation in your body. Even your teeth and gums can be harmed. And diabetes in pregnancy can cause special problems.
1. This writing is meant to tell people
A) how to avoid getting diabetes.
B) what to pay attention to when they have diabetes.
C) what diabetes is.
D) about the least development in curing diabetes.
2. A person with diabetes may have had all the following signs EXCEPT
A) becoming fatter and fatter.
B) becoming thinner and thinner.
C) having to get out of bed at night and night.
D) feeling like to drink a lot of water very often.
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Most persons with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes are women in pregnancy.
B) Most women in pregnancy may have the danger of getting diabetes.
C) We find more persons with Type 2 diabetes among children than older persons.
D) We find more persons with Type 2 diabetes among older persons than children.
4. When you have Type 2 diabetes, it is sometimes possible to find that
A) your son has diabetes too.
B) your father has diabetes too.
C) your father-in-law is too fat.
D) your brother does not like sports.
5. People get diabetes because
A) their stomachs are not able to produce enough insulin.
B) their pancreas are not able to produce enough glucose.
C) there is too much glucose in their blood.
D) there is too much insulin in their blood.
KEYS: CADBC
PASSAGE 49
Medical Education
?In 18th-century colonial America, those who wanted to become physicians either learned as personal students from established professionals or went abroad to study in the traditional schools of London, Paris, and Edinburgh. Medicine was first taught formally by specialists at the University of Pennsylvania, beginning in 1765, and in 1767 at King#39;s College (now Columbia University), the first institution in the colonies to give the degree of doctor of medicine. Following the American Revolution, the Columbia medical faculty (formerly of King#39;s College)was combined with the College of Physicians and Surgeons, chartered in 1809, which survives as a division of Columbia University.
In 1893 the Johns Hopkins Medical School required all applicants to have a college degree and was the first to afford its students the opportunity to further their training in an attached teaching hospital. The growth of medical schools attached with established institutions of learning went together with the development of proprietary schools of medicine run for personal profit, most of which had low standards and poor facilities. In 1910 Abraham Flexner, the American education reformer, wrote Medical Education in the United States and Canada, exposing the poor conditions of most proprietary schools. Subsequently, the American Medical Association and the Association of American Medical Colleges laid down standards for course content, qualifications of teachers, laboratory facilities, connection with teaching hospitals, and licensing of medical professionals that survive to this day.
By the late 1980s the U.S. and Canada had 142 4-year medical colleges recognized by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education to offer the M.D. degree; during the 1987-88 academic year, 47,262 men and 25,686 women entered these colleges and an estimated 11,752 men and 5,958 women were graduated. Graduates, after a year of internship, receive licenses to practice if they pass an examination given either by a state board or by the National Board of Medical Examiners.
练习:
1. In 18th-century America,
A) there was no higher institution of learning which taught medicine.
B) there were already a few higher institutions of learning which taught medicine.
C) those higher institutions of learning which taught medicine were better than those in Europe.
D) those higher institutions of learning did not give the degree of doctor of medicine.
2. In the 19th-century, all American medical schools
A) began to give their students chances for training in hospitals.
B) had good teachers and fine facilities
C) had large numbers of students.
D) None of the above is true.
3. The American Medical Association and the Association of American Medical Colleges were
Established
A) to ban those proprietary schools of medicine.
B) to build up relations between medical schools and hospitals.
C) to ensure the quality of medical teaching and practice.
D) to prevent some medical schools from making too much profit.
4. In the present-day America, graduates from medical schools
A) have to work in hospitals for a year and pass an examination before they can be recognized as qualified doctors.
B) have to be licensed by the national Board of Medical Examiner before they can serve their internship in hospital.
C) have to pass an examination given by both a state board and the National Board of Medical Examiners.
D) None of the above is true.
5. This passage is largely about
A） how difficult it is to become a doctor in America.
B） how American medical education has developed in history
C） how nice the American medical education system is.
D) how to become a good doctor.
Keys: BDCAB
PASSAGE 50
High Stress May Damage Memory
?According to a report issued in May , elderly people who have consistently high blood levels of cortisol don#39;t score as well on memory tests as their peers with lower levels of the stress hormone. What#39;s more, high levels of cortisol are also associated with shrinking of the hippocampus, a region of the brain that plays a key role in learning and memory.
The finding suggest that even cortisol levels in the normal, “healthy” range can actually accelerate brain aging.
The study results “now pride substantial evidence that long-term exposure to adrenal stress hormones may promote hippocampal aging in normal elderly humans, ” write Nada Porter and Philip Landfield of the University of Kentucky in Lexington in their editorial. Cortisol is a hormone released in response to stress by the adrenal glands, which sit on top of the kidneys.
Over a 5 to 6-year period, Dr. Sonia Lupien and his colleagues measured 24-hour cortisol levels in 51 healthy volunteers, most of whom were in their 70s.
Despite wide variation in cortisol levels, the participants could be divided into three subgroups: those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently high(increasing/high); those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently moderate(increasing/moderate); and subjects whose cortisol decreased, but was currently moderate(decreasing/moderate).
The researchers tested the volunteers#39; memory on six people in the increasing/high category and five people in the decreasing/moderate group. The groups did not differ on tests of immediate memory, but the increasing/high cortisol group had other memory problems compared with those in the decreasing/moderate group.
The researchers also found that the total volume of the hippocampus in those in the increasing/high group was 14% lower than those in the decreasing/moderate group, although there were no differences in other brain regions.
The results suggest that “… brain again can be accelerated by levels of adrenal hormones that are not generally regarded as pathological and that variation within this normal range is related to variation in the rate of brain aging,” write Porter and Landfield. “This further suggests that chronic stress may accelerate the worsening of hippocampus. ”
1. The part of the brain important for a person#39;s learning and memory is
A) the cortisol.
B) the adrenal glands.
C) the stress hormones.
D) the hippocampus.
2. When the levels of cortisol go higher, the hippocampus in the brain may
A) become larger.
B) become smaller.
C) be missing.
D) be totally damaged.
3. According to the article, when people feel too worried or nervous or when they overwork,
A) the adrenal glands will produce a stress hormone.
B) the kidneys will produce adrenal glands.
C) the hippocampus will produce high level of cortisol in the blood.
D) the cortisol will produce something that makes a poorer memory.
4. When the total volume of the hippocampus becomes smaller, other brain regions
A) become smaller too.
B) Become larger.
C) may remain the same in size.
D) may be damaged.
5. Porter and Landfield#39;s research shows that
A) the change in the levels if adrenal hormones has nothing to do with the degree of brain aging.
B) the change in the levels of adrenal hormones has a lot to do with the degree of brain aging.
C) the long-term stress will gradually make the hippocampus worse.
D) None of the above is correct.
Key: DBACB
篇4：职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习21
PASSAGE 51
Ulcers
?Even though ulcers appear to run in families, lifestyle plays more of a role than genetic factors in causing the illness, according to a report in the April 13th Journal of Internal Medicine. In particular, smoking and stress in men and the regular use of pain-releasing medicines in women were linked with an increased risk of developing an ulcer.
Overall, 61% of ulcer risk appears to be due to environmental factors, such as smoking, and the remaining 39% is due to genes according to Dr. Ismo Raiha of the University of Turky and colleagues at the University of Helsinki, Finland. Some researchers had suggested that families may spread Helicobacteria pylori, the bacteria that can cause ulcers. However, the new study suggests this is unlikely, according to the report.
Raiha and colleagues studied data from more than 13,000 pairs of twins “to examine the roles of genetic and environmental factors in the origin of peptic ulcer disease,” they explain. Both twins were more likely to develop an ulcer if the pair were genetically the same as compared with a pair of fraternal twins, suggesting that there must be some genetic susceptibility to ulcer development.
However, the risk was no greater in twins living together compared with twins living apart, suggesting that shared exposure to H. pylori was not to blame. “Environment effects were not due to factors shared by family members, and they were related to smoking and stress in men and the use of analgesics in women,” the authors wrote. “The minor effects of shared environment to disease liability do not support the concept that the grouping of risk factors, such as H. pylori infection, would explain the genetic factor of peptic ulcer disease,” they concluded.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is a very likely cause of ulcer in men?
A) Smoking and stress.
B) Drinking and smoking.
C) Genes and children.
D) Use of a certain medicine.
2. What factors contribute to over half the ulcers?
A) Hereditary factors.
B) Economic factors.
C) Environmental factors.
D) Genetic factors.
3. In relation to ulcers, experts study twins in order to examine
A) the roles of genetic factors.
B) the roles of environmental factors.
C) the roles of both factors.
D) the roles of brotherhood.
4. What does “environmental effects” in the fifth paragraph refer to?
A) A clean environment with no smoke and dust surrounding the living area.
B) Smoking and stress in men and use of pain-killing medicine in Women.
C) Factors shared by family members such as genes and the food they eat.
D) Shared exposure to H. pylori infection in the unclean environment.
5. The passage argues that
A) ulcers are related to genes.
B) ulcers are related to lifestyle.
C) ulcers appear in men and women.
D) ulcers are caused by pylori infection.
KEY:ACCBB
PASSAGE 52
First Aid
?First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, an unobstructed airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim#39;s condition from worsening and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victim#39;s needs and provider#39;s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal injury and paralysis.
Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person#39;s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for medical bracelet or card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim#39;s condition is known by the acronym ABC, which stands for:
A- Airway: is it open and unobstructed?
B- Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
C- Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
Once obvious injuries have been evaluated, the injured person#39;s head should be kept in a neutral position in line with the body. If no evidence exists to suggest potential skull or spinal injury, place the injured person in a comfortable position. Positioned on one side, a victim can vomit without choking or obstructing the airway.
1. It is very important in first aid to
A) move the injured person from the scene of accident immediately.
B) spend a few minutes for making the difference between recovery and death.
C) know what to do and what not to do according to the condition of the victim.
D) remove the medical bracelet or card from the victim.
2. One of the following practices is NOT right in the first aid, that is,
A) to check whether the victim is breathing.
B) to let the victim lie on one side.
C) to telephone a hospital at once.
D) to wait patiently for more skillful medical treatment before carrying on first aid.
3. The article implies that the provider of first aid should be especially careful
A) in handing the victim only if he learns that the victim has both diabetes and heart trouble.
B) in handing the victim if he learn that the victim has diabetes or heart trouble.
C) not to move the victim if he finds a medical bracelet on the victim.
D) not to move the victim if he finds the accident scene to be unsafe.
4. According to this article, first aid is usually provided by
A) professional doctors.
B) the victim#39;s family members.
C) the victim#39;s friends.
D) those people who are not necessarily professional doctors.
5. This article can be said to be one to
A) give basic knowledge about how to practice first aid.
B) give a brief introduction to the history of first aid.
C) give some knowledge to anyone who may be injured in an accident.
D) give warning that first aid is dangerous to those who do not know to do it.
Key: CDBDA
PASSAGE 53
Sleeplessness
?Insomnia or sleeplessness is a common complaint of women as they enter into menopause.
Insomnia means having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you. For women who are having night sweats, their sleep is broken by frequent awakening and therefore not refreshing. Generally once the night sweats are controlled a normal sleep pattern returns. If it doesn#39;t it may be, or have become chronic insomnia. How do you know?
If you suffer from insomnia every night or most nights for a period of one month then you have chronic insomnia. If you#39;re not having night sweats then it#39;s time to look for other causes of sleeplessness. Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common causes of chronic insomnia. If you feel depressed you need to be checked by a qualified health care provider. Movement disorders such as restless leg syndrome are second on the list of insomnia for them; there are new medicines that may help. Other common causes are shift working, and pain.
In up to 30% of people with chronic insomnia no cause can be identified. Medical treatment of these people has generally been with sleeping pills. It is estimated that 25% of the adult population in America took some type of medicines for sleep last year. It is generally agreed that sleeping pills should only be in the lowest dose and for the shortest possible time.
Sleep hygiene is directed at changing bad sleep habits. The recommendations are:-Go to bed only when sleepy.-Do not wait up to a specified time.-Avoid caffeine and alcohol in the evening, etc.
1. The word “insomnia” means
A) having trouble falling asleep.
B) feeling that sleep is enough.
C) Having no sweats at night.
D) Having normal sleep pattern.
2. How many possible causes of sleeplessness are mentioned in the second paragraph?
A) Five
B) Six
C) Seven
D) Numerous
3. The expression “Second on the list” in the second paragraph means
A) the second cause of all kinds of sleeplessness.
B) The second most important cause of sleeplessness.
C) The second on the doctor#39;s list about sleepless people.
D) The second on the writer#39;s list recording sleeplessness.
4. Concerning the use of sleeping pills, which of the following statements is true?
A) Most adult Americans use sleeping pills for sleep.
B) Doctors seldom give sleepless people sleeping pills.
C) Sleeping pills should be used for a very fixed period.
D) Sleeping pills should be used in a very small amount.
5. Which of the following does not fit with sleep hygiene?
A) Make a rule to go to bed at a specific time every day.
B) Go to bed when sleepy, not always at the same time.
C) Try not to drink any caffeine and alcohol in the evening
D) Change bad sleep habits and follow doctors#39; advice
Key:ABBDA
篇5：职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习19
PASSAGE 43
Will Quality Eat up the U.S. Lead in Software?
?If U.S. software companies don#39;t pay more attention to quality, they could kiss their business good-bye. Both India and Brazil are developing a world-class software industry. Their weapon is quality and one of their jobs is to attract the top U.S. quality specialists whose voices are not listened to in their country.
Already, of the world#39;s 12 software houses that have earned the highest rating in the world, seven are in India. That#39;s largely because they have used new methodologies rejected by American software specialists. For example, for decades, quality specialists, W. Edwards Deming and J. M. Juran had urged U.S. software companies to change their attitudes to quality. But their quality call mainly fell on deaf ears in the U.S. -but not in Japan. By the 1970s and 1980s, Japan was grabbing market share with better, cheaper products. They used Deming#39;s and Juran#39;s ideas to bring down the cost of good quality to as little as 5% of total production costs. In U.S. factories, the cost of quality then was 10 times as high: 50%. In software, it still is.
Watts S. Humphrey spent 27 years at IBM heading up software production and then quality assurance. But his advice was seldom paid attention to. He retired from IBM in 1986. In 1987, he worked out a system for assessing and improving software quality. It has proved its value time and again. For example, in 1990 the cost of quality at Raytheon Electronics Systems was almost 60% of total software production costs. It fell to 15% in and has since further dropped to below 10%.
Like Deming and Juran, Humphrey seems to be wining more praises overseas than at home. The India government and several companies have just founded the Watts Humphrey Software Quality Institute at the Software Technology Park in Chennai, India.
Let#39;s hope that U.S. lead in software will not be eaten up by its quality problems.
EXERCISE:
1. what country has more highest-rating companies in the world than any other country has?
A) Germany.
B) The U.S.
C) Brazil
D) India
2. Which of the following statements about Humphrey is true?
A) He is now still an IBM employer.
B) He has worked for IBM for 37 years.
C) The US pays much attention to his quality advice.
D) India honors him highly.
3. By what means did Japan grab its large market share by the 1970s and the 1980s?
A) Its products were cheaper in price and better in quality.
B) Its advertising was most successful.
C) The US hardware industry was lagging behind .
D) Japan hired a lot of India software specialists.
4.What does the founding of the Watts Humphrey Software Quality Institute symbolize?
A) It symbolizes the US determination to move ahead with its software
B) .It symbolizes the India ambition to take the lead in software.
C) It symbolizes the Japanese efforts to solve the software quality problem.
D) It symbolizes the Chinese policy on importing software.
5.What is the writer worrying about?
A) Many US software specialists are working for Japan.
B) The quality problem has become a worldwide problem.
C) The US will no longer be the first software player in the world.
D) India and Japan are joining hands to compete with the US.
Key:D D A B C
PASSAGE 44
High-speed Rail on Track
?If an agreement signed in a Germany works out, travelers of this Asian city may one day be able to zip from the downtown area to its new airport on a train riding a stream of magnetic energy at speeds up to 500 kilometres per hour.
The 40-kilometers-trip ---now sometimes a long hour journey when the traffic is heavy-could be cut to less than 10 minutes.
Such are the goals of a costly project designed to help to “shorten” the distance between the city center and the suburban busy airport by making it easier and faster to carry travelers to and back from the airport.
The mayor of the city and Germany#39;s Thyssen Krupp AG worked out an agreement in Berlin only several days ago that lays the groundwork for the magnetic levitation train line. They signed a commitment to carry out a feasibility study on the project and outlined the city#39;s intention to import German technology. The project, once completed and acceptable to the two business parties, will be a double-win: the German company can benefit from exporting its technology and the city receiving German technology can improve its traffic and further strengthen its position as a cosmopolis.
Called Maglev for short, the system under discussion makes use of a high-speed train levitated above a guideway and propelled by magnetic fields. The project has been in the talking stage for several months.
Hans Ueberschaer, German#39;s ambassador visited the city together with Harmut Heine, representative of Thyssen Krupp. They had an initial discussion with the mayor there about the prospect of the project. The talks were believed to be constructive and paved the way for the future talks in Berlin, where a commitment was reached.
Sources familiar with the talks estimated that the project would cost US$723 million, which would cover everything from land use fees and rail construction to train cars. Completion date is . A joint venture company is to be established for the project.
EXERCISE:
1. Who paved the way for further negotiations in Berlin?
A) The mayor
B) Both the German ambassador and the mayor.
C) The German ambassador.
D) The representative from the German company.
2. What was the signed commitment mainly about?
A) Finalizing the payment of US$723 million.
B) Establishing a joint venture company.
C) Conducting a feasibility study.
D) Outlining the German company#39;s intention to export its technology.
3. What is the main feature of Maglev?
A) The Maglev train “floats” above the guideway and zip to its destination.
B) The Maglev train zips to its destination on the railway.
C) The Maglev train zips to its destination on a double guideway.
D) The Maglev train can carry more passengers than the electric train.
4. How large will be the success rate of the agreement signed by the two business parties according to the passage?
A) It is very likely that the city will have a German-built Maglev line.
B) It is very likely that Krupp will ban the export of its technology.
C) It is very likely that the city cannot afford the high payment.
D) It is very likely that the city will turn to buy US technology.
5. What type of writing do you think this passage belongs to?
A) An article on popular science.
B) An article taken from a transportation book.
C) A commercial contract.
D) A news report.
KEY:B C A A D
PASSAGE 45
Unidentified Flying Object
?Unidentified Flying Object (UFO) is any object or light, reportedly sighted in the sky, that cannot be immediately explained by the observer. Sightings of unusual flying objects date back to ancient times, but UFOs (sometimes called flying saucers) became widely discussed only after the first widely publicized U.S. sighting in 1947. Many thousands of such observations have since been reported worldwide.
At least 90 percent of UFO sightings can be identified as conventional objects, although time-consuming investigations are often necessary for such identification. The objects most often mistaken for UFOs are bright planets and stars, aircraft, birds, balloons, kites, aerial flares, peculiar clouds , meteors, and satellites. The remaining sightings most likely can be attributed to other mistaken sightings or to inaccurate reporting, tricks, or delusions, although to disprove all claims made about UFOs is impossible.
From 1947 to 1969 the U.S. Air Force investigated UFOs as a possible threat to national security. A total of 12,618 reports were received, of which 701 reports, or 5.6 percent, were listed as unexplained. The air force concluded that “no UFO reported, investigated, and evaluated by the Air Force has ever given any indication of threat to our national security”. Since 1969 no agency of the U.S. government has had any active program of UFO investigation.
Some persons, however, believe that UFOs are extraterrestrial spacecraft, even though no scientifically valid evidence supports that belief. The possibility of extraterrestrial civilizations is not the stumbling block; most scientists grant that intelligent life may well exist elsewhere in the universe. A fully convincing UFO photograph has yet to be taken, however, and the scientific method requires that highly speculative explanations should not be adopted unless all of the more ordinary explanations can be ruled out.
UFO enthusiasts persist, however, and some persons even claim to have been captured and taken aboard UFO#39;s. No one has produced scientifically acceptable proof of these claims. Behavioral scientist Carl Sagan once proposed that “certain psychological needs are met by belief in superior beings from other worlds”.
1. What is the significance of the UFO sighting in 1947 according to the passage?
A) It was the first evidence showing the existence of intelligent life outside Earth.
B) It helped to explain some sightings of unusual events occurring in the sky.
C) It aroused widespread interest in unidentified flying objects in the sky.
D) It started off a new era of flying saucers in the United States.
2. The second paragraph of the passage focuses on
A) some explanations about UFO sightings.
B) different kinds of UFOs reported.
C) people#39;s negative reaction to UFOs.
D) interesting claims made about UFOs.
3. According to the passage, which of the following about the UFO investigation by the U.S. Air Force is NOT true?
A) About 84 percent of the UFO reports received were explained.
B) UFOs were once regarded as a potential danger to national safety.
C) There was no evidence that the U.S. was being threatened by the reported UFOs.
D) No hard evidence supported the existence of UFOs.
4. According to the passage, the belief that some UFOs are spaceships from some extraterrestrial civilizations
A) has been supported by a convincing UFO photograph.
B) would be accepted if it met the requirements of the scientific method.
C) has been regarded as some kind of creative thinking.
D) Has ruled out other explanations about the origin of UFOs.
5. Why did Carl Sagan think there are so many UFO enthusiasts?
A) The belief in UFOs gives them psychological satisfaction.
B) The explanation that UFOs are only conventional objects is not attractive.
C) They are strongly influenced by science fiction and science fiction films.
D) Curiously makes them accept the speculative explanations about UFOs.
Key: CCABA
PASSAGE 46
Pollution around the House
?Scientists are closely concerned with the structure of buildings and with the quality of building materials. The World Health Organization (WHO) observes that the introduction of air conditioning and energy conservation measures have been accompanied by growing problems of indoor air quality. Some pollutants arise from insulation products, some from moving cars, and others from modern housing materials. As many Europeans spend up to 90% of their lives in buildings, the health effects of the indoor climate are very important.
Some construction materials, including fibreboard, insulation foams and certain glues(for man-made wood floor boards, for example), gives out organic products such as formaldehyde. Heat and humidity increase the release of formaldehyde and the gas seriously harms the eyes. Paint, lacquer, etc. can also release dangerous gas into indoor air.
Construction materials can cause serious damage, especially when they contain asbestos. Asbestos is naturally present in rock formations worldwide. It belongs to a family of mineral substances composed of solid, non-combustible fibres. These properties make asbestos a highly sought-after construction material. As early as 1931, however, public health officers in the United Kingdom revealed the connection between breathing in asbestos dust and such diseases as lung cancer.
The land on which a building is sited may also contribute to pollution. Some kinds of granite or similar rocks contain traces of radium. As it breaks down, this naturally radioactive element produce some kind of radioactive gas that goes through tiny cracks in walls, floors and building materials, and makes its way into the building and the rooms. The better the homes are insulated, the more is the dangerous gas in indoor air. The main effect of this dangerous gas on health is to increase the risk of lung cancer.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A) Some building materials pollute indoor air.
B) Some factors cause indoor air pollution.
C) Asbestos can cause lung cancer.
D) The land on which houses are built contributes to indoor pollution.
2. Why are Europeans particularly concerned with building materials?
A) Lots of building materials there are radioactive.
B) They stay home up to 90% of their lives.
C) They have a high rate of lung cancer.
D) They spend most of their time indoors.
3. Why is asbestos a sought-after building material?
A) It is a kind of insulation foam.
B) Asbestos will not give out dangerous gas.
C) This material is not easy to catch fire.
D) It is rarely present in rock formations.
4. What research results did a health organization in the UK announce in 1931?
A) Kinds of dangerous building materials used indoors.
B) The connections of the use of granite with lung cancer.
C) The relationship between polluted indoor air and lung cancer.
D) The relationship between asbestos and disease.
5. Why should we be careful about the land on which a building is to be sited?
A) To determine whether the land is firm enough for a building to be sited on.
B) To make sure that the land contains no radioactive material.
C) To make certain that the land releases no formaldehyde or other gases.
D) To check whether it contains any combustible materials.
Key : ADCDB
篇6：职称英语综合类学习资料完形填空练习3
PASSAGE 4
Cost as a Factor in Supply
?In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions. With no difference between his products and the products __1__ his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or __2__ the market price. However, in considering the price, he must take cost of production __3__. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for __4__ a short time. However, no business person can __5__ lose money for a prolonged period. He must __6__ of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.
Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease. __7__ mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, __8__ logic and practical experience have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production. Some economists __9__ this principle as the law of increasing costs.
The reason __10__ rise as production goes up is complex. However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, resulting __11__ competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production. If a producer needs __12__ skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get __13__ from other sources. This can be done by __14__ higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, __15__ not all land is equally fertile and not all ore is equally rich in the mineral wanted.
1. A) to B) at C) of D) on
2. A) below B) beneath C) over D) above
3. A) to consider B) into consideration C) to consideration D) in consideration
4. A) he believes will be B) what he believes be C) what he believes will be D) he believes to be
5. A) afford to B) be affordable C) be afforded to D) have afforded
6. A) constantly aware B) constantly knowledgeable of C) be constantly aware of D) constantly aware of
7. A) Because B) Since C) When D) While
8. A) both B) as well as C) also D) but
9. A) refer B) refer to C) call D) are referred to
10. A) cost B) the cost C) the costs D) costs
11. A) from B) in C) D) for
12. A) less B) numerous C) more D) many
13. A) them B) these C) it D) those
14. A) offering B) cutting C) reducing D) having
15. A) as just B) just as C) because D) while
KEYS: CABCA CDABD BCCAB
PASSAGE 5
Importance of the Public Image
?Public image refers to how a company is viewed by is customers, suppliers, and stockholders, by the financial community, by the communities in which it operates, and by federal and local governments. Public image is controllable ____(1)____, just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are.
A firm#39;s public image ____(2)____ a vital role in the attractiveness of the firm and its products to employees, customers, ____(3)____ to such outsiders as stockholders, suppliers, creditors, government officials, as well as diverse special groups. With some things it is ____(4)____ to satisfy all the diverse publics: for example, a new highly automated plant may meet the approval of creditors and stockholders, but ____(5)____ will undoubtedly find resistance from employees who see their ____(6)____ threatened. On the other hand, high-quality products and service standards should bring almost complete approval, ____(7)____ low quality products and false claims would be widely looked down upon.
A firm#39;s public image, ____(8)____ it is good, should be treasured and protected. It is a valuable asset ____(9)____ usually is built up over a long and satisfying relationship of a firm with is publics. If a firm has ____(10)____ a quality image, this is not easily countered or imitated by competitors. ___(11)___ an image may enable a firm to charge higher prices, to woo the best distributors and dealers, to attract the best employees, to expect ____(12)____ favorable creditor relationships and lowest borrowing costs. It should also allow the firm#39;s stock to command a higher price-earnings ratio than other firms in the same industry ____(13)____ such a good reputation and public image.
A number of factors affect the public image of a corporation. ____(14)____ include physical facilities, contacts of outsiders with company employees, product quality and dependability, prices ____(15)____ competitors, customer service, the kind of advertising and the media and programs used, and the use of public relations and publicity.
1. A) at considerable extent
B) to considerable extent
C) to considerate extent
D) at considerate extent
2. A) establishes
B) plays
C) makes
D) obtains
3. A) but
B) however
C) and
D) as
4.A) possible
B) easy
C) not impossible
D) impossible
5.A) they
B) some
C) it
D) we
6.A) plant
B) jobs
C) machines
D) themselves
7.A) while
B) when
C) as
D) and
8.A) that
B) if
C) which
D) /
9.A) that
B) who
C) whose
D) of which
10.A) been
B) developed
C) found
D) learned
11.A) With
B) Such
C) Like
D) /
12.A) a more
B) more
C) most
D) the most
13.A) with
B) without
C) in
D) of
14.A) They
B) It
C) Some
D) Most
15.A) related to
B) connected with
C) relative to
D) related with
KEY:BBCDC BABAB BDBAC
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