英语语法学习：虚拟语气的基本用法

下面是小编为大家整理的英语语法学习：虚拟语气的基本用法，本文共6篇，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

篇1：英语语法学习：虚拟语气的基本用法

1.虚拟语气的使用范围：

虚拟语气，表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。该英语语法主要用在if 条件状语从句中，也可以用在主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句等。

2.虚拟语气的判断：

(1)if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可实现的句子称为真实条件句，反之称为非真实条件句，则需使用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种：

1) 与过去事实相反的假设。其结构为：从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”，主句用“should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。例如：

If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we couldhave playedtennis. 如果昨天没有下大雨，我们就能玩网球了。

2) 与现在事实相反的假设。其结构为：从句的谓语动词用过去式，系动词用were，主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如：

If I were in yourposition, I would marryher. 如果我是你，我就娶她为妻。

3) 与将来事实相反的假设。其结构为：从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”，主句用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如：

If you should miss thechance, you would feel sorry for it. 如果你错过了这次机会，你会难过的。

总结，主句should (would, could, might)分别加have + 过去分词、动词原形、动词原形，从句分别为had + 过去分词、系动词用were、should (were to) + 动词原形。

(2)宾语从句中的虚拟语气。

1) wish后接宾语从句中的虚拟语气：根据从句的意义来判断。

A: 表示与现在和将来事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去时态。例如：

I wish they were not solate. 要是他们来得不是这么晚就好了。

B: 表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。例如：

I wished he hadn't done that. 我真希望那件事不是他做的。

(2) 表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。用于此结构的动词有：advise, direct,agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request,suggest等。从句的谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，其中should 可以省去。例如：

I insisted that he (should) gowith us. 我坚持让他和我们一起去。

注意：当insist 表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明，显示”时，不用虚拟语气。例如：

He insisted that shewas honest. 他坚持认为她是诚实的。

(3)主语从句中的虚拟语气。

1) It be + 形容词 + that...(should)...。用于该句型的形容词有：necessary,good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange,surprising等。例如：

It's natural that he should feel hurt. 他感到疼是很正常的。

2) It be + 过去分词 + that...(should)...。用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如： desired, suggested, requested,ordered, proposed等。例如：

It is desired that thebuilding of the house be completed next month. 真希望这所房子在下个月前就能竣工。

3) It is time (about time / high time) that... + (过去时或should + 动词原形)...。例如：

It is high time I wenthome now. = It is high time I should go home. 我该回家了。

(4) 表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气。在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要具体内容解释的名词后要使用虚拟语气，其谓语动词为：should + 动词原形，连接从句的that不能省略。例如：

My suggestion is thatwe should go there at once. 我的建议是我们应该马上去那儿。

4. 省略形式。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had, should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。这时，如果出现not等否定词时需放在主语后面。例如：

If she had been here five minutes earliershe would have seen her old friend. → Had shebeen here five minutes earlier she would have seen her old friend. 如果她早到五分钟，她就会看见她的老朋友了。

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篇2：英语语法学习：不定冠词的基本用法

冠词是一种虚词，本身有一定的含义，主要放在名词前起限定作用(前置定语)，大约70%的名词前面必须用冠词，但在中文看来冠词大多数是多余的，因此要养成用冠词的习惯，一定要加强训练。

1.冠词的含义

不定冠词a的含义：一(个)，任何一个。

a computer一台电脑

an apple一个苹果

定冠词the的含义：这，那，这些，那些。

Shut the door.关上(那)门。

The girl in pink is my sister.

穿粉红色衣服的(那)女孩是我妹妹。

2.不定冠词的用法

1.a与an的用法差别

大多数时候用a，只有当a出现在元音开头的单词前边时，要加n变成an，目的是为连读顺口。

a pen一支笔

a cat一只猫

a university一所大学

an apple一个苹果

an old pen一支旧笔

an island一个岛屿

a house一幢房子

an hour一个小时

注意：hour,honor, honest等单词的第一个辅音字母h不发音，实际上是以元音开头，这时也必须用an。

2.不定冠词的基本用法

不定冠词主要表示一类东西(我或者事物)中的一个，经常代替one，有时候可以与one交换，不过a不强调数量的含义，one强调数量。

Let me tell you a story.

我给你讲个故事吧。

We have 24 hours a day.

我们一天有24个小时。

He wants to be a policeman.

他想当警察。(当警察这一类人中的一个)

A leader should act like a leader.

领导应该有一个领导的样子。(表示一类事物时a不必译出)

成片速记：

have a look 看一看

have a chat聊一聊

have a talk谈一谈

have a walk走一走

have a try试一试

take a rest休息一下

take a shower洗个淋浴

take a seat就座

take a photo拍个照

take a bus乘大巴

注意：

A.不可数名词一般不能用不定冠词a，但有时候在不可数名词前加上定语时，却又可以加不定冠词：

make noise

make a great noise

prevent pollution

prevent a serious pollution

B.在一些惯用搭配中不可数名词前也用不定冠词a:

in a hurry匆忙地

at a loss不知所措

take a fancy to喜欢上

take an interestin兴趣

make a mess弄成一团糟

all of a sudden突然

have a saying对……有发言权

make a fuss about对……小题大做

篇3：虚拟语气用法

作者：张金该

本组试题将把你带进一个全新的虚拟世界，让你体验解题的无穷乐趣，在你享受快乐的同时，你的解题能力和技巧也会在不知不觉中提高。

1. I ________ that the old man had lived with his daughter ten years ago， but he is still living alone.

A. think B. was thinking C. had thought D. have thought

2. I ________ to go to your birthday party， but I had to look after my mother in hospital.

A. loved B. have loved C. should love D. should have loved

3. They ________ a lecture at 8：30， but they had to put it off because the speaker didn't arrive on time.

A. were to have held

B. were to hold

C. held

D. had held

4. I would rather not ________ with her about it， but I didn't control my feelings at that time.

A. quarrel B. to quarrel C. have quarreled D. had quarreled

5. - I can't recite the poem.

- Well， you are supposed ________ it many times yesterday evening.

A. to read B. to have read C. reading D. having read

6. If I ________ in health， I ________ swimming in the lake with them yesterday.

A. was； went

B. was； was going

C. were; would go

D. had been； would have gone

7. I went to see my uncle last night. Otherwise， I ________ Mr. Smith at my house.

A. met B. would meet C. had met D. would have met

参考答案与简析：

1. C。一些表心理活动的动词（如think， suppose，guess， hope等）可用“过去完成时或一般过去时后接宾语从句”表示一个“与事实不符的过去的想法、猜想或希望”。

2. D。可用“should / would + have liked / loved + to do sth.”表示“过去本来想要做某事而未曾做到”。

3. A。可用“was / were + to have done sth.”表示“过去本来计划、安排做某事，但并未做到”。

4. C。可用“would rather + have done sth.”表示“主观上本来宁愿做某事，而实际上却没有做”，用否定式则表示“主观上本来宁愿不做某事，而实际上却做了”。

5. B。be supposed有“应该”之意，后面只接不定式，若不定式用完成式，表示“过去本来应该做某事，而实际上没有去做”，用否定式意思相反，此用法也含有批评、责备、抱怨之意。

6. D。当if条件状语从句表示对过去情况的假设时，从句谓语用had done，主句用would have done。

7. D。有时虚拟if条件从句不出现，而是通过某些词语（如otherwise， or， without， but for， but等）暗示虚拟语境，这时句子要用虚拟语气，注意要准确判断时间，决定句子谓语动词形式。此题显然与过去相关。

篇4：中学英语语法虚拟语气

(一)并不是if引导的条件从句都是虚拟语气。如果if从句所指的事很有可能发生，那么这是真实条件句；反之，则是虚拟条件句

A. If you study hard, you'll surely pass the examination. (真实条件句)

B. If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky. (虚拟条件句)

(二)虚拟语气中，有时条件从句和主句的时态可以不一致，这种句子叫做混合条件句，也叫错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式要根据表示的时间来调整

A. If it had not been for me, you would not be free.

B. If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.

C. “If I had missed, ”said William Tell, “and had shot too low, I was going to use this arrow on you. ”

(三)有时虚拟条件不用条件从句，而用介词短语来表示

A. They would not be able to live without him.

B. He would have failed but for his teacher's timely advice.

C. I had my hair cut off and sold it because I couldn't have lived through Christmas without giving you a present.

D. If only you had worked with greater care!

(四)假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来

A. He would have given you more help, but he was so busy.

B. I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have taken part in the parade.

C. He raised himself completely, obliging me to rise too, or I could not have supported him.

D. Einstein cared little for money, though he could have been very rich.

(五)如果条件从句的谓语动词含有连系动词were或助动词had或should, 可将if省略，而把were, had或should移到主语之前，构成倒装句形式

If they were here now, they could help us. (自然语序)

A.

Were they here now, they could help us. (倒装句)

If you had come earlier, you would have met him. (自然语序)

B.

Had you come earlier, you would have met him. (倒装句)

If he should join them in their discussion, they would be happy. (自然语序)

C.

Should he join them in their discussion, they would be happy. (倒装句)

The ship would have sunk with all on board if it had not been for the captain. (自然语序)

D.

The ship would have sunk with all on board had it not been for the captain. (倒装句)

(六)虚拟语气的一些其他用法

(1)在动词wish后的宾语从句中谓语动词用过去式，表示现在或将来的愿望；用过去完成式，表示过去的愿望。

A. I wish I knew the answer.

B. I wish that the time had not passed so fast!

(2)would rather后的从句中也用以上的结构。

A. I would rather they came tomorrow.

B. I would rather you had gone there too.

(3)由as if或as though引导的状语从句，也用以上的结构。

A. She loves the child as if he were her own.

B. “How wild his white hair looked-as if it had been electrified. ”

(4)在suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, insist等后面的宾语从句，谓语动词用should+ 动词原形(should可省略)。

A. They requested that he (should) go at once.

B. He ordered that all (should) take part in the work.

(5)与下列词有关的表语从句、同位语从句也用以上的结构。

suggestion(proposal), order(decision), request(demand), plan, idea, a shame, a pity, no wonder

A. My idea is that we (should) win him over.

(6)在It is important(necessary, strange, natural, wonderful)that后以及It is suggested(requested, proposed, arranged, desired, ordered, insisted)that后从句中亦用以上的结构。

A. It is necessary that everyone should be there in time.

B. It is suggested that she should sing a song.

(7)在It is (high/about) time that从句中，谓语动词用一般过去式表示将来。

A. It is time we went to bed.

B. It's about time you began your work.

(8)由in order that, so that引导的状语从句用may或might加动词原形，而so that引导的状语从句也可用can或could加动词原形

A. The emperor ordered that the weavers should be given some gold in order that they might begin their work at once.

B. The teacher spoke slowly so that the students could(might)hear clearly.

(七)suggest表示“建议，提议”时，用虚拟语气；作“认为，提出，暗示，使人想起”时，用陈述语气

A. I suggest he (should) bring his friends in. (虚拟语气)

B. On the boy's pale face there was a half smile that seemed to suggest that he was happy to have given his life for his country. (陈述语气)

C. I suggest that you had an ulterior motive in doing this(陈述语气)

(八)insist表示“坚持要”或“一定要(某人做某事)”时，用虚拟语气；作“坚持认为，坚决主张、坚持说(某人的观点)”时，用陈述语气

A. They insisted that he (should) obey the rules. (虚拟语气)

B. She insisted that she needed no help. (陈述语气)

C. He insists that Shanghai is the largest city in China. (陈述语气)

(九)should have done表示应该做的事没做；shouldn't have done表示不该做的事做了；need have done表示必须做的事没做；needn't have done表示不必做的事做了。这些也都是虚拟语气

A. “It's our own fault, ”I thought bitterly. “We should have cut away the jungle brush. ”

B. How I regretted the hours wasted in the woods and fields, the days when I had played and should have studied!

C. You needn't have spent so much time on the problem; it is not worth doing at all.

篇5：虚拟语气英语语法知识点

1) 概念

虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

2) 在条件句中的应用

条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

16.1 真实条件句

真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。

时态关系

句型： 条件从句 主句

一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形

If he comes, he will bring his violin.

典型例题

The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.

A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained

答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。

注意：

1) 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.

(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.

(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.

2) 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。

16.2 非真实条件句

1)时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。

a. 同现在事实相反的假设。

句型 ： 条件从句 主句

一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形

If they were here, they would help you.

b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。

句型： 条件从句主句

过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词

If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.

The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.

If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.

If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.

含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.

If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.

含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.

c. 表示对将来的假想

句型： 条件从句 主句

一般过去时should+ 动词原形

were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形

should+ 动词原形

If you succeeded, everything would be all right.

If you should succeed, everything would be all right.

If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.

16.3 混合条件句

主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。

If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.

(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。)

If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).

16.4 虚拟条件句的倒装

虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。

Were they here now, they could help us.

=If they were here now, they could help us.

Had you come earlier, you would have met him

=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.

Should it rain, the crops would be saved.

=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.

注意：

在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用“were”，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。

If I were you, I would go to look for him.

如果我是你，就会去找他。

If he were here, everything would be all right.

如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。

典型例题

_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.

A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I

答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.

16.5 特殊的虚拟语气词：should

1) It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。

句型：

(1)suggested

It is (2)important that…+ (should) do

(3) a pity

(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted; + (should) do

(2)important, necessary, natural, strange

a pity, a shame, no wonder

(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week.

It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.

2)在宾语从句中的应用

在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。

order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do

I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.

He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.

注意： 如suggest, insist不表示“建议” 或“坚持要某人做某事时”，即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。

The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.

判断改错:

(错) You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.

(对) Your pale face suggests that you are ill.

(错) I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.

(对) I insisted that you were wrong.

3)在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用

在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即(should)+动词原形。

My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.

I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.

16.6 wish的用法

1)用于wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为：

真实状况 wish后

从句动作先于主句动词动作 现在时 过去时

(be的过去式为 were)

从句动作与主句动作同时发生 过去时 过去完成时

(had + 过去分词)

将来不大可能实现的愿望 将来时 would/could +

动词原形

I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。

He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。

I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。

2)Wish to do表达法。

Wish sb / sth to do

I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager.

I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.)

16.7 比较if only与only if

only if表示“只有”;if only则表示“如果……就好了”。If only也可用于陈述语气。

I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。

If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了，就好了。

If only he comes early. 但愿他早点回来。

16.8 It is (high) time that

It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。

It is time that the children went to bed.

It is high time that the children should go to bed.

16.9 need “不必做”和“本不该做”

didn't need to do表示： 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。.

needn't have done表示： 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。

John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't need to walk back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。

John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。 (Mary步行回家，没有遇上John的车。)

典型例题

There was plenty of time. She ___.

A. mustn't have hurried B. couldn't have hurried C. must not hurry D. needn't have hurried

答案D。needn't have done. 意为“本不必”，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。

Mustn't have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn't have done, “不可能已经”。 must not do 不可以(用于一般现在时)。

虚拟语气英语语法知识点汇总

篇6：英语语法虚拟语气讲解

if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish 后所接时态的情况相同：

If only she had had more courage! 她再勇敢一些就好了。

If only it would stop raining! 雨要是停了就好了。

If only he didn't drive so fast. 但愿他车没开得那么快。

If only I were [was] better looking. 要是我长得漂亮些就好了。

If only I had listened to my parents! 我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。

If only she would go with me! 她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!

【友情提示】if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。

英语语法虚拟语气讲解：would rather后的句子用虚拟语气

would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：

1.一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望

I'd rather you went tomorrow (now). 我宁愿你明天(现在)去。

I'd rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期六来。

I'd rather you were happy. 我愿你快乐。

I'd rather she sat next to me. 我宁愿她挨着我坐。

I'd rather Jack left on an earlier train. 我宁愿杰克乘前一班火车走。

You always go without me and l'd rather you didn't. 你总是不带我去，我可不愿意你这样。

“Shall I open the window? ” “I'd rather you didn't. ”“我要不要把窗子打开? ” “我看不要打开好。”

2. 用过去完成时表过去的愿望

I'd rather you hadn't said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。

I'd rather you hadn't done that. 我宁愿你没这样做。

l'd rather you had been / hadn't been present。我 (宁) 愿你当时在场 / 不在场。

l'd rather he had told / hadn't told me about it 我 (宁) 愿他告诉了 / 未告诉我这件事。

Katie went by car and I'd rather she hadn't. 凯蒂是坐汽车去的，我宁愿地不坐汽车去。

英语语法虚拟语气讲解：虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种假设，愿望，建议，怀疑，猜测或不大可能实现的空想。

I.虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中

虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中，通常从句由连词if 引导。

1.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句

条件状语从句主句

If +主语 +动词过去式主语+ would, should, could, might+原形动词

(be的过去式用were)

例如：

If I feared death, I wouldn't be a communist.

(刘胡兰)怕死就不做共产党员。

If there were no air, we couldn't live.

如果没有空气，我们就不能生活。

Example:

I would ask George to lend us the money if I ______ him.

A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know

I _____ it to him if I thought he would understand.

A. shall explain B. will explain C. would explain D. explain

2.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句

构成

条件状语从句主句

If + 主语 + 动词过去完成式主语 + would, should, could, might+have + 过去分词

例如：

If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.

如果你早来几分钟，你就会碰上他。

If there had been no air in the tube, the result of the experiment would have been more accurate.

如果试管中没有空气，实验结果就会更精确。

Example:

If you hadn't gone with Tom to the party last night, _______.

A. you would meet John already

B. you won't have missed John

C. you will have met John

D. you would have met John

3.与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句

构成

条件状语从句主句

If + 主语+ should +原形动词主语+would,should,could,might或were+不定式+原形动词

例如：

If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier.

假如他明天会来，事情就容易办了。

If the sand should be broken up, it would give out much energy.

如果沙子能被分解，它会释放出大量的能量。

注：在表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句中的should有时可以省略。如：

If he make the design, he might do it in some other way.

要是他来搞这个设计，他可能用另外的方法设计。

Example:

If the sea ____ to rise 50 feet, India would become an island.

A. will B. is C. was D. were

If you ____ to see Mary, what would you tell her?

A. are B. will be going C. must D. were

We might still catch the train if we ___.

A. make hurry B. haste

C. make haste D. hastily

4.错综时间的虚拟语气

在一些含有虚拟语气的句子中，如果主句与从句的谓语表示不同的时间，虚拟语气可有不同形式，即主句与从句各自按自己的时间构成虚拟形式。例如：

If I had met him before, I could recognize him.要是我以前遇见过他，我就能认出他了。

(从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在或将来事实相反)

If we were driving at a speed of 100 Li an hour, we would have arrived there 2 hours ago. 如果我们的行车速度每小时100里，两小时以前我们就会到达那里了。

(从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反)

Example:

If you _____ that late movie last night, you wouldn't be sleepy.

A. haven't watched

B. didn't watch

C. hadn't watched

D. wouldn't have watched

5.省略连词if

在条件状语从句中，如果有were, should, had，可以把连词if 省去，把 were, should, had 放在句首，构成条件意义。例如：

Should it rain tomorrow, what would you do? 万一明天下雨，你怎么办?

Were there no friction, we could not walk. 要是没有摩擦力，我们就不能行走。

Had we known about the new method, we should have applied it earlier.

如果我们过去知道这种新方法，我们早就应用了。

Example:

Had Alice been more hardworking, she _______.

A. had not failed B. would not fail

C. could not be failed D. would not have failed

_______ today, he would get there by Friday.

A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving

C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves

______ difficulties, we would be successful.

A. Should we overcome B. Would we overcome

C. Might we overcome D. Could we overcome

6.虚拟结构中省略主句或从句

虚拟结构中有时可省去主句或从句，并不影响意义的完整。

(1)省去条件从句

That would be fine. 那太好了。(省去了if you would come 或类似条件)

I wouldn't pass up the chance to visit China. 我不会放弃访问中国的机会。

We might have produced more coal. 我们可能生产出更多煤炭。

注：省略条件句，在试题中很少见到。

(2)省去主句，常用以表示愿望。从句谓语多用过去时或过去完成时。

If only she were here. 假如她在这儿该多好啊!

If only he lived! 假如他活着该多好啊!

If only I had known it before. 如果我早先知道这件事，那就好了。

Example:

If only it _____! but it is too late.

A. is avoided B. has avoided

C. could be avoided D. can be avoided

If only everything _____ out as we wanted it to in life!

A. is working B. worked

C. works D. has worked