不定冠词的基本用法本文简介:不定冠词的基本用法1.用于可数名词的单数形式前,指人或事物的某一类.这是不定冠词的最基本的用法.如:HeisanEnglishteacher.他是位英语老师.(指教师中的一个)Theyarewaitingforabus.他们在等公共汽车.(指任何一辆公共汽车)2.指某人或某物,但不具体说出是何人或何

不定冠词的基本用法本文内容:

不定冠词的基本用法

1.

用于可数名词的单数形式前,指人或事物的某一类.这是不定冠词的最基本的用法.

如:

He

is

an

English

teacher.他是位英语老师.(指教师中的一个)

They

are

waiting

for

a

bus.他们在等公共汽车.(指任何一辆公共汽车)

2.

指某人或某物,但不具体说出是何人或何物.

A

report

wants

to

see

you.

有位记者要见您.

3.

表示数量,有“一“的意思,但数的概念没有one强.

I

have

a

pen

and

two

pencils.

我有一支钢笔和两支铅笔.

4.

在时间,重量,速度,价格等名词前,表示单位数量“每一“.如:

We

have

four

English

lessons

a

week.

我们每周上四节英语课.

He

drives

the

car

at

60

miles

an

hour.

他车速达每小时60英里.

Take

the

medicine

three

times

a

day.

这药每天服用三次.

How

much

is

the

pork

a

pound

一磅猪肉多少钱

How

much

a

meter

is

this

cloth

这块布料每米多少钱

5.

表示“同一“的意思.

They

were

nearly

of

an

age.他们几乎同岁.

The

two

shirts

are

much

of

a

size.

两件衬衫大小差不多.

6.

表示“某一个“,一般与表示星期的名词连用.如:

They

came

on

a

Sunday

and

went

away

on

the

Monday.

他们是一个星期日来的,星期一就走了.

That

happened

on

a

Wednesday

towards

the

end

of

May.

那是发生在近五月底的某个星期三.

7.

在月份,星期及morning,evening,night,afternoon等系词前有修饰性的定语时,一律用不定冠词.例如:

A

cold

March

is

usual

in

the

Northeast.

东北的三月往往是冷的.

On

a

sunny

Saturday

she

went

out.

在一个晴朗的星期五,她出去了.

The

accident

happened

on

a

very

hot

night.

这事故发生在一个非常炎热的晚上.

8.

用在专有名词之前,表示“类别“.例如:

She

is

a

Chinese

now

working

as

an

engineer

in

America.

她是个华人,现在美国当工程师.

A

Mr.

Jones

came

to

see

you

this

morning.

有一个琼斯先生今天上午来了,他想见你.

I

am

going

to

buy

a

Kodak.

我要买一架柯达照相机.

This

is

a

Van

Gogh.这是一幅梵高的画.

9.

与成对的名词连用.例如:

I

bought

a

cup

and

saucer

at

that

shop.

我在那家店里买了一套茶杯.

There

is

a

knife

and

fork

on

the

table.

桌上有一副刀叉.

注意:如不成对,则要分别加不定冠词.如:a

knife

and

a

fork一把刀和一把叉.

10.

用在and连接两个名词之前,如分别加不定冠词,表示“两个人或物“反之,则

表示“一个人或物“.例如:

a

black

and

white

horse

一匹黑白相间的马

a

black

and

a

white

horses

一匹黑马和一匹白马

She

is

a

teacher

and

writer.

她是位教师兼作家.

They

are

a

teacher

and

a

writer.

他们是一位教师和一位作家.

11.

用于“what

a/an+单数可数名词“及“such

a/an+单数可数名词“结构,表示“惊叹“.例如:

What

a

lovely

day!

多好的天啊!

What

an

idea!

好主意!

How

did

you

make

such

a

mistake

你怎么会犯这种错误

I

have

never

seen

such

a

beautiful

lake.

我未曾见过这么美丽的湖.

12.

用于“many

a,quite

a,rather

a+单数可数名词“结构,带有“强调“的意味.例如:

Many

a

young

man

wants

to

speak

English.

许多年轻人想说英语(表示“许多“)

I

ve

been

there

many

a

time.

我到过那儿多次了.(表示“许多“)

He

is

quite

a

good

player.

他是一名相当好的选手.(表示程度)

You

are

quite

a

woman

little

Wang.

你真是个不一般的女人,小王.(表示程度)

It

was

rather

a

cold

day.

那是个相当寒冷的日子.(表示程度)

It

is

rather

a

pity.

这是相当令人遗憾的.

13.

与表示疾病的名词连用.

例如:a

cold感冒

a

headache

头痛

a

sore

throat

嗓子痛……等.

注意:1.有的可用,也可不用不定冠词.如:catch

(a)

cold感冒,have

(a)

stomachache

胃痛,have

(a)

toothache

牙痛.

2.有的不用不定冠词.catch

measles

染上麻疹,have

flu患流行性感冒.

14.

用于某些固定词组.例如:

a

few有些,几个,a

little一些,a

lot

of很多,许多,a

cup

of一杯……

a

piece

of一张……,to

take

a

walk

散步

to

have

a

rest

休息一下

as

a

matter

of

fact

事实上

2.3

零冠词的用法

1)

国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England,Mary;

2)泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词;They

are

teachers.

他们是教师。

3)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词;

Failure

is

the

mother

of

success.

失败乃成功之母。

4)物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词;

Man

cannot

live

without

water.

人离开水就无法生存。

5)在季节、月份、节日、

假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词;

We

go

to

school

from

Monday

to

Friday.

我们从星期一到星期五都上课。

6)在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词;

The

guards

took

the

American

to

General

Lee.

士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。

7)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词

如:have

breakfast,play

chess

8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词;

I

can

t

write

without

pen

or

pencil.

没有钢笔和铅笔,我就写不了字。

9)当by

与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词;by

bus,by

train;

10)有些个体名词不用冠词;如:

school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court

等个体名词,直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义;

go

to

hospital

去医院看病

go

to

the

hospital

去医院

(并不是去看病,而是有其他目的)

11)不用冠词的序数词;

a.

序数词前有物主代词

b.

序数词作副词

He

came

first

in

the

race.

c.

在固定词组中

at

(the)

first,first

of

all,from

first

to

last

一、表示某个或某些特定的人或物:

二、表示一个民族、阶级或阶层:



eg:

the

Chinese

people;

the

working

class



the

landlord

class;

the

Japanese

(people)

三、与可数单数名词连用,表示一类人或物:



eg:

The

burnt

child

dreads

the

fire.

四、表示独一无二的东西:



eg:

the

sun,the

moon,the

earth,in

the

air,in

the

sky

五、与adj.连用,表示一类人或物,用作主语,谓语动词用复数:



eg:

the

wounded,the

poor,the

rich,the

young,the

old,the

blind,the

dead,the

living,the

deaf等。

六、表示方位、自然现象之前用the



eg:

in

the

east,to

the

east,in

the

west等。



但go

south。

七、专有名词前一般不加冠词,如人名、地名、月、星期等。

八、江河、海洋、山脉、海峡与海湾前:



eg:

the

Yangtze,the

Thames,the

Sues

Canal,the

Red

Sea,the

Pacific,theAlps,the

Philippines,the

English

Channel等。

九、湖名前不用冠词:



eg:

Lake

Success,Silver

Lake



但有个别习惯上加the,即用于of短语修饰时则以下要加the



eg:

the

Lake

of

Geneva,the

Sahara,the

Bay

of

Tokyo=Tokyo

Bay(东京湾)

十、普通名词和别一些词构成专有名词前用冠词:



1、国名全称:the

People

s

Republic

of

China,the

United

Kingdom



2、组织机构:the

United

Nation,the

No.2

Army

Medical

College



3、建筑物:

the

Great

Hall

of

the

People,the

Military

Museum



the

Peace

Hotel,the

Capital

Theatre



4、报纸:

the

People

s

Daily,the

New

York

Times



5、政府机关:the

White

House



6、历史事件:the

French

Revolution



但街名、广场、公园、大学、节日、杂志前不用the



注意区别:

eg:

the

history

of

China;

Chinese

history



the

literature

of

France;

French

literature

十一、职位、头衔前不用the:



eg:

The

workers

elected

him

head

of

the

workshop.

十二、由具体转而具有抽象意义,不用the:



eg:

go

to

school

/

hospital

/church;

finish

school;

by

train/bus/car.

十三、季节、日期前不用the,但由of短语时,用the:



eg:

in

autumn;

in

the

September

of

1956

(in

September,1956更通用)

十四、一日三餐前不用the,但有定语时,加不定冠a:



eg:

I

had

a

wonderful

lunch.



How

did

you

like

the

dinner

they

gave?

十五、球类之前不用the,用具、乐器;特定疾病前要加the。



eg:

the

telephone,the

television,play

the

piano,the

plague(鼠疫)



eg:

play

football

/

basketball;

play

the

violin

十六、下列词组的区别:



eg:

at

noon/night/dawn/midnight

in

the

morning.



in

town;

in

the

city



in

the

front

of

;

in

front

of



at

the

back

of



as

a

whole;

catch

cold;



in

the

distance;

have

a

cold

十七、建筑物中,旅馆、剧场、电影院、博物馆等前多用the,而公园、车站、桥梁、寺庙、街道等名称前通常不用the

十八、附有日常惯用的形容词great,little,old,young,poor,dear等的人名,即称呼语前,通常不加冠词



eg:

oldJohn,约翰公公,老约翰

十九、.世纪.年代等之前,通常用冠词the。



eg:

in

the

70

s

在70年代

二十、用the+比较级.,the+比较级句型及the+比较级+of

the

two句型中



eg:

The

more

I

knew

her,the

more

I

liked

her.



The

sooner,the

better.(越快越好);the

younger

of

the

two

teachers

二十二、可数名词的复数形式或集体名词前用the,以表示集合性意思



eg:

the

Christmas,the

Americans,the

British

二十三、在表示身体之一部位或特有物名词前用the。



eg:

take

sb.by

the

arm;

pat

sb.on

the

head;

hit

sb.

In

the

face

二十四、在表示单位的词前用the



eg:

at

ten

dollars

by

the

kilogram;

rent

the

house

by

the

month









6.

冠词位置

1)

不定冠词位置

不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意:

a.

位于下列形容词之后:

such,what,many,half,

I

have

never

seen

such

an

animal.

Many

a

man

is

fit

for

the

job.

b.

当名词前的形容词被副词as,so,too,how,however,enough修饰时,不定冠词应放在形容词之后:

It

is

as

pleasant

a

day

as

I

have

ever

spent.

So

short

a

time.

Too

long

a

distance.

c.

quite,rather与单数名词连用,冠词放在其后。

但当rather,quite

前仍有形容词,不定冠词放其前后均可。如:quite

a

lot

d.

在as,though

引导的让步状语从句中,当标语为形容词修饰的名词时,不定冠词放形容词后:

Brave

a

man

though

he

is,he

trembles

at

the

sight

of

snakes.

他尽管勇敢,可见到蛇还是发抖。

当名词被比较级形容词修饰时,不定冠词通常置于比较级形容词之后。

2)

定冠词位置

定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前,但放在all,

both,double,half,twice,three

times等词之后,名词之前。

All

the

students

in

the

class

went

out.

班里的所有学生都出去了。

更多推荐

不定冠词的基本用法